I >" 
I ' ■■ 
! 
A N"A 
h. Pylorus. 
g. i. k. 1. Various convolutions of small 
intestine. 
e. Caput coli. 
m. Appendix venniformis. 
f Asbending colon. 
«. a. a. Transverse arch of the colon. 
b. ' Sigmoid flexure of the colon. 
c. Rectum. 
Plate VI. 
Fig. 1. A view of the heart and lungs, with 
the adjacent large blood-vessels of the tho- 
rax and abdomen. 
A. Right ventricle of the heart. 
e. Right auricle. 
1. 2. 3. The three lobes of the right lung. 
4. 5. Two lobes of the left lung. 
a. Origin of the pulmonary artery. 
b. Arch of the aorta. 
x. Arteria innominata. 
y. y. Right and left carotid arteries. 
u. u. Jugular veins. 
E. E. Left subclavian vein. 
c. Superior vena cava. 
7c. Descending aorta, sending off differ- 
ent branches to the abdominal viscera ; as, 
l. the cseliac ; m. superior mesenteric ; n. 
inferior mesenteric ; o. p. renal arteries. 
h. Trunk of the inferior vena cava. 
r. q. Renal veins. 
v. Trunk of the absorbing system, called 
the thoracic duct. 
d. Termination of that duct in the angle 
formed by the junction of the left subcla- 
vian and jugular veins. 
Fig. 2. A view of the thorax and abdomen, 
representing some parts not seen in Plate V. 
and now exposed by lifting up the liver. 
1: Thyroid gland. 
2. Trachea. The large blood-vessels cor- 
respond to those of the preceding figure. 
3. The heart. 
4. Left lung. 
5. Right lung. 
6. Under surface of the left lobe of the 
liver. 
7. Under surface of the right lobe. 
8. The stomach. 
9. Great omentum. 
10. Small intestines. 
11. 11. The coverings of the abdomen 
cut through and turned aside. 
12. Bladder of urine. 
13. Lesser omentum. 
14. Gall-bladder. 
ANA 
Fig. 2. Gall-bladder and biliary ducts, and 
pancreas. 
K. Hepatic duct formed by various 
branches coming from the liver. 
L. Cystic duct. 
I. Gall-bladder. 
N. Ductus communis. 
P. Pancreas with its duct. 
Q. A portion of the intestines, with a 
longitudinal slit, the opening of the united 
ducts. 
ANAXAGORAS, in biography, a cele- 
brated philosopher among the ancients. 
He was born in Ionia about the 70th Olym- 
piad, became the disciple of Anaximenes, 
and was afterwards a lecturer himself at 
Athens. In this city he was cruelly perse- 
cuted, and at length banished. He went to 
Lampsacus, where he was greatly honoured 
during his life, and still more respected after 
his death. Statues have been erected to his 
memory. 
Anaxagoras was a mathematician, and 
wrote, during his imprisonment at Athens, 
upon the quadrature of the circle. As a 
philosopher, he introduced some important 
innovations, as they were then called, but 
which redound much to his honour: he 
maintained, in opposition to the common 
systems of a plurality of Gods, that an in- 
finite mind is the author of all motion and 
life. Plato asserts, that Anaxagoras taught 
that “ mind was the cause of the world, and 
of all order,” and that “ while all things else 
are compounded, this alone is pure and un- 
mixed he ascribes to this principle two 
powers, viz. to know and to move. Testi- 
monies to this purpose in favour of Anaxa- 
goras are numerous ; Plutarch speaking of 
the Ionian philosophers who flourished be- 
fore this great man, says, that they made 
fortune, or blind necessity, the first principle 
in nature ; but Anaxagoras affirmed, that a 
pure mind governs the universe. By Dio- 
genes Laertius he is represented as the first 
person “ who superadded mind to matter." 
He died in the year 428 before Christ, and 
throughout his life he supported the charac- 
ter of a true philosopher. Superior to 
motives of avarice and ambition, he resigned 
in early life a patrimony that would have 
secured him distinction and independence, 
in order that he might give himself up wholly 
to the pursuits of science, and in the midst 
of the vicissitudes of fortune preserved an 
equal mind. Being asked, just before his 
death, whether he wished to be carried for 
interment to his native city, he replied, “ it 
is unnecessary ; the way to the regions below 
is every where alike open and in answer to 
f 
