ANC AND 
times the length of one of its flokes, and a here in 1/77 by Dr. Fothergill; it flowers 
ship of 500 tons hath her sheet anchor of in May and June. 
2000 weight ; and so proportionally for ANDALUSITE, or hardspar, in mine- 
others smaller or greater,' although Aubin raiogy, a species of the Fhlspar family, dis- 
ohserves, that the anchors of a large vessel covered by Bourn on in a primitive granitic 
are made smaller in proportion than those mountain in Forfiz. Colour flesh red, some- 
of a small one. times approaching to rose red. Massive, 
The anchor is saidjto be a-peak, when and crystallized in rectangular four-skied' 
the cable is perpendicular between the prisms. Specific gravity 3.16. Infusible 
hawse and the anchor, by the blow-pipe without addition.- It is 
An anchor is said to come home when it distinguished from felspar by its <?reat 
cannot hold the ship. An anchor is foul, hardness, and higher specific gravity,” and 
When, by the turning of the ship, the cable from corundum, by its inferior specific gra- 
is hitched about the fluke. To shoe an vity and its form. It is now found in the 
anchor, is to fit boards upon the flukes, that primitive mountains in Spain and France,- 
it may hold the better in soft ground, with quartz and mica, and sometimes in a 
When the anchor hangs right up and down mica state at Bratmsdorf near Freyberg in 
by the ship’s side, it is said to be a cock Saxonv. 
bell, upon the ship’s coining to an an- 
chor. 
The inhabitants of Ceylon use large stones 
instead of anchors ; and in some other 
places of the Indies, the anchors are a kind 
of wooden machines loaded with stones. 
ANCHORAGE, in law, is a duty taken 
of ships for the use of the port or harbour, 
where they cast anchor: for the ground 
(here belonging to the king, no man can let 
fall anchor thereon, without paying the 
king’s officers for so doing. 
ANCIIUSA, m botany, the alkanet , a genus 
ot the Pentandria Monogynia class of plants, 
(he calyx of which is an oblong, cylindric, 
acute, perianthium, divided into five seg- 
ments, and permanent ; the corolla consists 
of a single petal ; the tube is cylindric, and 
of the length of the cup ; the limb is lightly 
divided into five segments, erecto-patent 
and obtuse ; the opening is closed by five 
oblong, convex, prominent, and connivent 
squamutae : there is no pericarpium : the 
cup becomes larger, and serves as a fruit, 
containing ill its cavity four oblong, obtule, 
hnd gibbous seeds. There are thirteen spe- 
cies : though according to Martyrs only ten. 
They are mostly biennial, except when they 
grow in rubbish, or out of a wall. They 
may all be easily propagated by seeds, 
sown in the autumn. 
ANCISTRUM, in botany, genus of the 
Diandria Monogynia class and order : calyx 
four leaved: nocorola: stigma many-parted: 
drape dry, hispid, one celled. There are 
three species. A. decumbens resembles 
burnet in the herb and manner of flower- 
ing : it is remarkable for the yellow awns 
to the calyx, resembling fox’s nails. A 
native of New Zealand. A. lupitium is a 
native of the Falkland islands, introduced 
ANDRACHNE, in botany, a genus of 
the Monaecia Gynartdria class of plants ; the 
corolla of the male flo wer is formed of fi ve 
emarginated slender petals, shorter than 
the cup ; the female flower has no corolla ; 
the fruit is a capsule containing three cells, 
with two obtuse trigonal seeds, roundish on 
one side, and angular on the other. There 
are three species, 
ANBR/EA, in botany, a genus of the 
Cryptogamia Musci class and order. Essen, 
char, capsule very short, turbinate : fringe 
simple of four incurved concave teeth, 
united at their tips, and bearing the lid and 
veil. There are two species, 
ANDRQIBES, in mechanics, an auto- 
maton, in the figure of a man, which, by 
virtue of certain springs, &c. duly contrived, 
walks and performs other external functions 
of a man. Albertus Magnus is recorded as 
having made a famous androides, which is 
said not only to have moved, but to have 
spoken. Thomas Aquinas is said to have 
been so frightened when lie saw tills head, 
that he broke it to pieces ; upon which Al- 
bert exclaimed, “ Periit opus triginta an- 
norum.” Artificial puppets, which, by in- 
ternal springs, run upon a table, and, as 
they advance, move their heads, eyes, or 
hands, were common among the Greeks, 
and from thence they were brought to the 
Romans. Figures,, or puppets, which ap- 
pear to move of themselves, were formerly 
employed to work miracles; but this use is 
now superseded, and they serve only to dis- 
play ingenuity, and to answer the purposes 
of amusement. One of the most celebrated 
figures, of tills kind was constructed and 
exhibited at Paris, in 1738 ; and a particu- 
lar account Of it was published in the Me- 
moirs of the Academy for that year. This 
