BAR . 
or foot, that would enter or rush in with 
violence : in the middle is a moveable bar 
of wood, that opens and shuts at pleasure. 
A barrier is commonly set up in a void 
space, between the citadel and the town, 
in half-moons, &c. 
BARRINGTONIA, in botany, so named 
from the Hon. Daines Barrington, a genus 
of the Monadelphia Polyandria class and 
order. Natural order Hesperide® : Myett, 
Jussieu. Essential character, calyx sim- 
ple, two-leaved, superior, permanent ; fruit 
a dry four-cornered drupe, inclosing a nut, 
one to four-celled. There is but a single 
species, viz. B. speciosa, a lofty tree and 
the handsomest in the whole equinoctial 
flora, with its thick, shady bunches of leaves, 
and its large, handsome, purple, and white 
flowers, every where mixed with them. 
The trunk is lofty, thick, straight ; covered 
with a dark grey, smooth bark, scored with 
little chinks. The branches are round, ex- 
pand very widely, subflexuose, variously 
divided, covered with a chiuky bark, and 
leafy at the ends. The flowers are very 
large, white, and transparent ; the filaments 
are white with a purple top, and diapha- 
nous at the base ; the anthers are gold co- 
loured ; the style white with a purple top. 
The flowers open during the night, and fall 
at sun rise ; the birds also pluck them off, 
and the ground about these trees is per- 
fectly covered with them. The seed mixed 
with the bait, inebriates fish in the same 
manner with cocculus indicus. It grows 
within the Tropics, especially on the shores 
of the ocean, and at the mouths of rivers in 
the East Indies, from the southern coasts of 
China through the Molucca Isles to Ota- 
heite, and the other Society Isles, &c. It 
is cultivated in the governor’s garden at the 
island of St. Helena. 
BARRISTER, in common law, a person 
qualified and impowered to plead and de- 
fend the cause of clients, in the courts of 
justice. They are of two sorts, the out- 
ward, or outer barristers, who, by then- 
long study in, and knowledge of, the law, 
which must be for a term of seven years at 
least, are called to public practice; and 
always plead without the bar. The inner 
barristers are those who, because they are 
either attorney, solicitor, serjeant, or coun- 
sel to the king, are allowed, out of respect, 
the privilege of pleading within the bar. 
But at the Rolls, and some other inferior 
courts, all barristers are admitted within 
the bar. 
Barristers who constantly attend the 
BAR 
King’s Bench, are to have the privilege of 
being sued in transitory actions, in the 
county of Middlesex. The fees to a coun- 
sellor are not given as hire, but as a mere 
gratuity, which a barrister cannot demand, 
without injuring his reputation. 
BARROW (Isaac), a very eminent ma- 
thematician and divine, was bora at Lon- 
don in October, 1630* being the son of 
Thomas Barrow, then a linen-draper of that 
city, but descended from an ancient family 
in Suffolk. He was at first placed at the 
Charter-house school for two or three years 
where his behaviour afforded but little 
hopes of success in the profession of a scho- 
lar. Being removed to Eelsted in Essex, 
his disposition took a different turn ; and 
having soon made great progress in learn- 
ing, he was first admitted a pensioner of 
Peter House in Cambridge ; but when he 
came to join the university, in February 
1645, he was entered at Trinity College. 
He now applied himself with great dili- 
gence to the study of all parts of literature, 
especially natural philosophy. He after- 
wards turned his attention to the profession 
of physic, and made a considerable progress 
in anatomy, botany, and chemistry: he next 
stadied divinity ; then chronology, astro- 
nomy, geometry, and the other branches of 
the mathematics ; with what success, his 
writings afterwards most eminently shewed. 
When Dr. Duport resigned the chair of 
Greek professor, he recommended his pupil 
Mr. Barrow for his successor, who, in his 
probation exercise, shewed himself equal to 
the character that had been given him by 
this gentleman ; but being suspected of fa- 
vouring Arminianism, he was not preferred. 
This disappointment determined him to quit 
the college, and visit foreign countries ; but 
his finances were so low, that he was obliged 
to dispose of his books, to enable him to 
execute that design. 
He left England in June 1655* and vi- 
sited France, Italy, Turkey, &c. At seve- 
ral places, in the course of this tour, he 
met with kindness and liberal assistance 
from the English ambassadors, &c. which 
enabled him to benefit the more, by 
protracting his stay, and prolonging his 
journey. He spent more than a year in 
Trn-key, and returned to England by way 
of Venice, Germany, and Holland, in 1659. 
At Constantinople he read over the works 
of St. Chrysostom, whom he preferred to 
all the other fathers. 
On his return, Barrow was ordained by 
Bishop Brownrig; and in 1660, he was 
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