BOTANY. 
«ulent tribe, Cotyledon, Seduro, Sempervi- 
vmn ; 84. Saxifragce, Saxifraga, Chrysosple- 
nimn, &c. among which Hydrangea must 
surely rather belong to the Caprifolia ; 
85. Cacti, consists of Ribes and Cactus, a 
paradoxical association; 86. Portnlaceac, 
Portulaca, Tamarix, Claytonia, &c. the last 
mentioned genus is suspected to be mono- 
cotyledonous ; 87. Ficoidece, of which the 
most remarkable is the vast genus Mesem- 
bryanthemum ; 88. Onagri, iEnothera, Epi- 
lobium, and Jussiasa exemplify this, and the 
beautiful Fuchsia, with others, are subjoin- 
ed, some of which belong to the following 
order ; 89. Myrti, a fine and very natural 
family, composed of Melaleuca, Septosper- 
mum, Eucalyptus, Myrtus, Eugenia, &c ; 
90. Melastomce, as Melastoma, Osbeckia, 
Rhexia, all remarkable for handsome an- 
thers; 91. Salicurice , Lythrum, Lawsonia, 
Peplis, Glaux, &c. ; 92. Rosacea;, a very 
large and fine order, constituting in general 
the Icosandria of Linnmus ; as Pyrus, Rosa, 
Fragaria, Rubus, Prunus, with many more ; 
93. Leguminosce, a still more extensive or- 
der than the preceding, in which the sys- 
tem under our consideration, as keeping so 
natural an order entire, has much the ad- 
vantage of the Linnaean artificial system, 
which, being founded only on the stamens, 
unavoidably disunites it. To this are re- 
ferred Mimosa, Tamarindus, Cassia, Poin- 
ciana, Bauhinia, Sophora, Genista, Lupi- 
nus, Trifolium, Phaseolus, Astragalus, Vi- 
cia, Hedysarum, Pterocarpus, and many 
other genera related to each of the above ; 
94. Terebmtacea;, a rather confused order ; 
in it we find Rhus, Canarium, Schinus, Pis- 
tacia, Zanthoxylum, and even Juglans, is 
put here on account of a slight affinity ; 
95. Rhamni, is a more satisfactory order ; 
as Euonymus, Celastrus, Cassine, Hex, 
Rhamnus, &c. 
Class XV. Dicotyledones, with stamens 
in separate flowers, from the pistils. 
Orders five. 96. Euphorbia;, consists of 
Mercurialis, Euphorbia, Phyllantlius, Bux- 
us, Croton, Hippomane, with several more, 
for the most part acrid, and often milky 
plants; 97. Cucurbitacece , the gourd tribe, 
Bryonia, Cucumis, Passiflora, with a few 
more ; 98. Urticce, composed of Ficus, Mo- 
rus, Urtica, Humulus, Cannabis, to which, 
among others, Piper is subjoined as an ally ; 
99. Amentacea;, Salix, Populns, Betula, 
Quercus, Corylus, &c. to which Uhnus, 
Celtis, and Fothergilla are prefixed ; 100. 
Conifera;, Casuarina, Juniperus, Cupres- 
sus, are examples of this very distinct order. 
At the end of this system is a large as- 
semblage of genera, under the denomina- 
tion of Plantce inceria; sedis, as not capable 
of being referred to any of the foregoing 
orders. Some of them, perhaps, when bet- 
ter known, may be removed into the body 
of the system, but many must alw'ays remain 
in doubt. Nor is this to be esteemed as a 
fault peculiar to the system of Jussieu. It 
must be the case with all natnral systems, 
unless it were possible for their contrivers 
to have, all the genera of plants from every 
corner of the earth before them at one 
view. 
As long as any remain to be discovered, or 
any that are discovered are imperfectly 
known, every such system must be defec- 
tive. Besides, it appears that plants are 
connected, not in one regular series, but, 
as it were, in a circle, touching or approach- 
ing each other by so many different points, 
that no human sagacity can detect which 
points of connection are most important, 
so as to obtain an infallible clue through so 
vast a labyrinth. 
A natural system of botanical arrange- 
ment being therefore probably unattainable 
in perfection, we are obliged to be content, 
for daily use, with an artificial one. When 
we meet with an unknown plant, we count 
its stamens and styles, or observe any 
other circumstance attending those organs, 
on which the characters of the Linnasan 
classes are founded. Having easily deter- 
mined the class of our plant, we in like 
manner ascertain its order. We proceed to 
compare the parts of its flower and fruit 
with the characters of every genus in that 
order, till we find one that agrees with 
them. Having fixed the genus, we in like 
manner read over the characters of the spe- 
cies, iu case the genus consists of more than 
one, till we are satisfied we have met with 
the right. Thus we learn the generic and 
specific name of our plant, and are enabled 
to find any thing recorded concerning it. 
Such is the mode of applying the Lin- 
neaean system to use, and in ordinary 
cases no difficulties attend it. But it may 
happen that we have found a plant whose 
number of stamens is variable in itself, or 
perhaps different from their usual number 
in the natural genus to which it belongs ; 
for all genera ought to be natural, and no 
species must be divided from its brethren on 
account of characters which only respect 
the artificial classes and orders. In this 
case Linnaeus has provided us a remedy, by 
enumerating at the head of each class all 
