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BRU 
has a beautiful appearance. The flowers 
grow about ten together, and are pendu- 
lous. The calyx is ferruginous, the corolla 
scarlet, the stamens yellowish. This species 
grows in hilly and woody places in America. 
B. rosa is also an American shrub, or small 
tree, with an ash-coloured bark, opposite 
leaves which are entire and smooth on both 
sides. ’ The flowers are borne in a kind of 
aggregate manner, so as to form heads 01 
bunches of the size of one’s fist. They are 
red, and make a very beautiful appearance. 
The stamens are extremely long. It grows 
chiefly in hilly situations. 
BROWNISTS, a sect of Christians, the 
name given for some time to those who were 
afterwards known in England and Holland 
under the denomination of Independents. 
It arose from a Mr. Robert Brown, whose 
parents resided in Rutlandshire, though he 
is said to have been born at Northampton ; 
and who from about 1571 to 1690 was a 
teacher amongst them in England, and at 
Middleburgh, in Zealand. He was a man 
of family, of zeal, of some abilities, and 
had a university education. The separa- 
tion, however, does not appear to have 
originated in him; for by several publica- 
tions of those times, it is clear that these sen- 
timents had, before his day, been embraced 
and professed in England, and churches 
gathered on the plan of them. 
This denomination did not differ in point 
of doctrine from the church of England, or 
from the other Puritans ; but they appre- 
hended that, according to scripture, every 
church ought to be confined within the 
limits of a single congregation, and have the 
complete power of jurisdiction over its 
members, to be exercised by the elders 
within itself, without being subject to the 
authority of bishops, synods, presbyteries, 
or any ecclesiastical assembly, composed of 
the deputies from different churches. Under 
this name, though they always disowned it, 
were ranked the learned Henry Ains- 
worth, author of the “ Annotations on the 
Pentateuch,” &c.; the famous John Robin- 
son, a part of whose congregation from Ley- 
den, in Holland, made the first permanent 
settlement in North America; and the la- 
borious Canne, the author of the “ Marginal 
References to the Bible.’’ 
BRUCEA, ill botany, in honour of James 
Bruce, Esq. the famous- traveller, a genus of 
the Dioecia Tetrandria class and order. 
Essential character: calyx four-parted; 
corolla four-petalled ; female, pericarpium 
BRU 
four, one seeded. There is but one species. 
B. ferruginea is a shrub of a middling size, 
with an upright stem ; the bark is ash-co- 
loured, branches few, alternate, round, pa- 
tulous, and thick. Leaves alternate, spread- 
ing unequally pinnate, consisting of six pairs 
of opposite lobes, one foot in length. Spikes 
of male flowers, solitary ; the flowers are 
crowded together, either sessile or on very 
short pedicles, of an herbaceous colour, 
tinged with red or russet. It is a native of 
Abyssinia, where it is known by the name 
of wooginoos. The root is a specific in the 
dysentery. It is a plain, simple, bitter, with- 
out any aromatic or resinous taste, leaving 
in the throat and palate a disagreeable 
roughhess. 
BRUCHUS, in natural history, a genus 
of insects of the order Coleoptera. Generic 
character : antennae filiform ; feelers equal, 
filiform ; lip pointed. Gmelin enumerates 
27 species. This genus consists in general 
of small insects. The B. granarius is found 
among beans, vetches, and other seeds, the 
lobes of which it devours. It is not the 
fourth part of an inch in length : black, with 
the wing-shells freckled by white specks : 
the two fore-legs are reddish ; and the an- 
tennae of a similar colour at the base : the 
thighs of the hind-legs are armed with a 
tooth or process. The exotic species are 
chiefly of America : one of the most re- 
markable is B. bactris, found in the nuts of 
the palm of that name. 
BRUMALES, in botany, an epithet ap- 
plied to plants which flower in our winter. 
These are common about the Cape. 
BRUNFELSIA, in botany, so named in 
honour of Otho, or Otto Brunfelsus, a genus 
of the Didynamia Angiospermia, Natural 
order of Personatae. Solaneae, Jussieu. 
Essential character: five-toothed, narrow; 
corolla with a very long tube; capsule one- 
celled, many-seeded, with a very large 
fleshy conceptacle. There are two species, 
of which B. Americana is a tree growing 
from ten to fifteen feet in height. The trunk 
is smooth and even, and the branches loose. 
Leaves alternate, entire, smooth, and shin- 
ing; corolla yellow, very sweet scented, 
having a tube four or five inches in length. 
It grows naturally in Jamaica, and most of 
the sugar islands in the West Indies, whence 
they call it trumpet flower. B. undulata is 
also a native of Jamaica. 
BRUNIA, in botany, a genus of the 
Pentandria Monogynia class and order. 
Natural order of Aggregatax Rhamni, 
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