Allen on the Ornithological Fauna of North America. 87 
known for recognition ; the others are simply European stragglers 
that have once or twice occurred in Greenland, On the other hand, 
6 species are given by Cones that are omitted by Baird, Brewer, and 
Ridgway, in nearly every case from their being considered by the 
latter as extra-limital. These authors, therefore, substantially agree 
in regard to the number of species admitted in both wmrks as prop- 
erly North American, the only difference being in respect to the 
status of 9 species, 5 forms treated as species by Baird, Brewer, and 
Ridgway being allotted varietal rank by Cones, while, on the other 
hand, 4 of Coues’s species are similarly treated by Baird, Brewer, 
and Ridgway. In regard to “ varieties ” the disagreement is some- 
what greater, there being 23 in Baird, Brewer, and Ridgway’s work 
not given by Coues, While 7 are admitted by the latter that are not 
included by the former. It thus appears that Baird, Brewer, and 
Ridgway admit 9 more species and 14 more varieties of Land Birds 
than are recognized by Dr. Coues. 
In concluding this hasty retrospect it may be observed that the 
change in the status of the general subject from 1858 to 1874 con- 
sists in the reduction to synonyms of a comparatively small number 
of species admitted in 1858 ; the exclusion of a rather larger number 
as extra-limital, and the treatment of about one sixth of the remain- 
der as subspecies or “ varieties.” The change is thus mainly one of 
nomenclature, due to the better understanding of the relationships 
of closely allied forms, made more clearly evident by the increase 
of material for their investigation. 
The species of Land Birds wholly cancelled or reduced to syno- 
nyms are the following, the numbers being those designating the 
species in Baird’s “ List ” of 1858. 
6. Falco nigriceps. 
19. Buteo bairdi. 
24. Buteo montanus. 
30. Archibuteo lagopus.* 
41. Haliaetus washingtoni. 
56. Nyctale albifrons. 
59. Athene cunicularia.* 
66. Crotophaga rugirostris. 
88. Sphyropicus william soni. 
98a. Colaptes hybridus. 
215. Myiodioctes bonapartii. 
259. ? Harporhynchus vetula. 
272. Troglodytes americanus. 
291. Parus occidentalis. 
329. Plectrophanes melanomus. 
351. Junco dorsalis. 
424. Corvus cacalotl. 
440. Cyanocitta sordida. 
470. Lagopus americanus. 
* As regards their being North American in the sense in which they were 
then recognized as such. 
i 
