ORNITHOLOGICAL CLUB. 
61 
different from that heretofore considered to embrace the most im- 
portant characters. In the case of Carpodacus, there has been 
reached in the Guadalupe race almost, if not quite, that degree of 
differentiation which distinguishes the Galapagoan genus Geospiza 
from continental Guiraca, the modifications being moreover of pre- 
cisely the same character. Jimco insidaris may likewise be com- 
pared with the species of Cactornis^ in which the bill has be- 
come so extremely produced as to have almost lost its fringilline 
character. 
The three species above-mentioned exhibit the local modifications 
to the greatest extent, but the rule may be traced through the 
whole series ; and to show the exact extent of these modifications 
of form we present the following table of measurements of each of 
the Guadalupe species compared with those of the mainland repre- 
sentative form, the measurements representing the maximum and 
minimum of a large series of each ; — 
SPECIES. 
MAXIMUM. 
MINIMUM. 
Wing.^ 
Tail. 
Bill 
fi’om 
Nostril. 
Tar- 
sus. 
Middle 
Toe. 
Wing. 
Tail. 
Bill 
from 
Nostril. 
Tar- 
sus. 
Middle 
Toe. 
Regulus ohscurus * 
2.20 
1.95 
.25 
.80 
.40 
2.00 
1.70 
.22 
.80 
.38 
“ calendula 
2.45 
2.03 
.22 
.76 
.35 
2.20 
1.60 
.20 
.65 
.85 
Thryomanes hrevicauda . . 
1.90 
i . 8 o : 
.50 
.75 
.50 
1.85 
1.80 
.45 
.70 
.50 
“ bewicki 
2.38 
2.70 
.45 
.80 
.50 
2.00 
2.00 
.38 
.63 
.45 
Salpinctes guadalupensis 
2.75 
2.30 
.60 
.90 
.55 
2.50 
2.00 
.55 
.80 
.50 
“ obsoletus . . . . 
3.00 
2.42 
.50 
.90 
.58 
2.65 
2.20 
.50 
.73 
.55 
Carpodacus amplus 
3.35 
2.90 
.45 
.85 
.65 
3.10 
2.60 
.40 
.75 
.58 
“ frontalis .... 
3.20 
2 90 
.35 
.70 
.50 
2.85 
2.40 
.30 
.62 
.50 
Junco insularis 
2.85 
2.60 
.38 
.85 
.60 
2.50 
2.30 
.35 
.80 
.55 
“ annectens 
3 43 
3.40 
.30 
.80 
.60 
3.00 
2.80 
.28 
.80 
.55 
Pipilo consobrinus 
3.25 
2.80 
.40 
1.08 
.75 
2.90 
3.25 
.35 
1.00 
.60 
“ megalonyx 
3.60 
4 60 
.40 
1.05 
.75 
3.30 
4.00 
.35 
1.05 
.70 
Colaples rujipiteus 
6.25 
5.30 
1.60 
1.10 
.92 
5.90 
4.75 
1.35 
“ mexicanus 
7.00 
6.00 
1.25 
1.20 
.85 
6 65 
5.50 
1.15 
Polyhorus lutosus 
16.40 
11.65 
1.35 
3.75 
2.10 
15.00 
10.50 
1 25 
siso 
i’so 
“ cheriway 
1650 
! 
10.00 
1 
1.48 
3.75 
2.10 
14.60 
9.00 
1.20 
3.20 
1.90 
* The Guadalupe species are in Italics. 
A close perusal of the above figures leads to the discovery of 
some exceptions to the rule of variation in proportions. Thus, 
Regidus ohscurus, while conforming in other respects, does not have 
the tail constantly shorter than R. calendula^ although it averages 
shorter. There is also no appreciable difference in the absolute 
length of the tarsus in the two forms of Thryomanes and Salpinctes, 
though the comparative difference in favor of T. hrevicauda and S. 
ohsoletus, when contrasted with the length of the wings and tail, is 
very marked. 
