90 
BULLETIN OF THE NUTTALL 
time collecting thoroughly the birds of Eastern Oregon ; and his 
published notes, as well as those of Allen and Henshaw for Utah, 
of Ridgway for Nev.ada, and Cones, Henshaw, and others for 
Arizona, show very clearly what species distinguish the Middle and 
Western Provinces. Although about fifty species of Land Birds 
are given in the first volume of “ Ornithology of California, which 
belong properly to the Middle Province or to Lower California, 
their habitats are so carefully described there that it is not neces- 
sary to include the species here, except in a very few striking 
cases. 
As shown by Professor Baird from the Xantus collection made at 
Cape Saint Lucas, the Middle Province birds become common on 
the coast and peninsula south of latitude thirty-five degrees, to the 
exclusion of most of the characteristic Californian species, while 
very few of those of tropical Mexico occur on the peninsula, so that 
the chances are largely against the occurrence of the latter within 
our limits. Assistance derived from original observations and 
investigations by scientific friends, often unpublished before, is ac- 
knowledged by giving their names as authority. 
1. Turdus flavirostris, Swaim.^ 1827, = P. rufopalliatus, Lafres., 
1840, “ Monterey, Cal.” An abundant West Mexican bird, which may 
straggle northward with flocks of T. migratorius, which it closely resembles 
in habits. 
2. Harporhynchus mfus var. longirostris {Lafres.), 1838. “ Cali- 
fornia and Mexico.” The occurrence of this Eastern Mexican form is not 
improbable, and it may have been the bird seen by me at Clear Lake, Cal.j 
as recorded in History of N. A. Birds, III, 500. 
3. jEgithina leucoptera, VieilL, 1807, “North America,” = 1 Mota- 
cilla leucoptera, Vig., 1839, “Western North America,” Baird, List, 1852 
(not of Quoy and Gairnard, which is a Palseotropical bird). If = Sylvia 
leucoptera, Wilson, Index, it is Dendroeca ccerulescens, not known far west 
of the Mississippi (Coues). {/Egithina leucoptera, Yieill., according to Gray 
(Hand-List), is from India, while M. leucoptera, Vigors, is from Persia 
(Lawrence).] 
4. Sialia sialis (Linn.). “ Columbia River,” And. Syn., 1839 (error ?). 
Not mentioned from there by Townsend nor Nuttall, who were then 
the chief authorities. Still it very probably will occur west of the Rocky 
Mountains. Some specimens of S. mexicana are stated to approach very 
near it, from which Audubon^s statement may have arisen. 
5. Parus carolinensis, Aud. “ Oregon,” Nuttall, 1840, by error for 
P. atricapillus var. occidentalis, which is very near it. 
