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71 
1875 . 
LISBABY TABLE 
ENGLISH SETTERS fOXTINTED. 
Anntjal Rbcobd or Science and Ikdcstby for 1874.— Edited 
by Spencer T. Baird. New York. Harper <fc Bros; large 
12mo. pp. 665. 
We think it was Agassiz who oner enquiring after an 
Enoycoplajdia, was gently reproved by Humboldt for consult- 
ing snob a scholar’s book; to which he replied that giants 
might cross from height to height without such helps, but 
little pdbple needed bridges. How even the most carefnl of 
collectors could maintain acquaintance with the long list of 
improvements and discoveries in the vast range of science and 
art without some such help to enquirers as the work before 
ns, passes our comprehension. This work only gives us a 
clear, concise synoptical view of the year’s doings in the sci- 
ences and industrial arts, and yet we have a thick volume of 
compact knowledge; chunks of vsisdom. Take, for instance. 
Meteorology, a branch of science in its purely empirical obser- 
vation as old as man himself but reduced to form and system 
only of late years. Here we have notices of the results of a hun- 
dred observations in various parts of the world reduced to 
their simplest formula, embracing the highly varying details 
of that vary interesting and important science. The observa- 
tions occupy the attention of specialists and experts, but the 
general reader would remain in ignorance of the general pro- 
gress made without a manual work such as that now before 
us. The next point is whether the manual when compiled is 
of sufficient authority. In this case, fortunately, we have an 
ample guarantee in the nr me of Spencer T. Baird, a scientist 
of the highest rank in his own walk, and of such character fur 
minute precision and oonsoientious work that we have perfect 
assurance of the like qualities in the gentlemen whom he se- 
lects as assistants in anything he undertakes. Among the as- 
sistants’ names mentioned wo find Professors Simon New- 
eomb, Cleveland Abbe, E. 8. Holden, Theodore Oill, 0. T. 
Mason, G. F. Barker, E. D. Cope, Wm. Wahl, 0. F. Hines, 
Charles Rand, A. H. Mayer, A. E. Terrill, E. 8. Dana, W. 0. 
Atwater, T. 8. Hunt, A. 8. Packard, Jr., W. T. Farlow, Sereno 
Watson, Hamilton L. Smith and F. W. Clarke. The arrange- 
ment of the work includes “a general summary of progress,” 
a comprehensive and philo 80 phic,il review of all branches of 
knowledge in their synthetic aspects. The separate titles are 
Mathematics and Astronomy; Terrestrial Physics and Meteor- 
ology; Physics; Chemistry and Metallurgy; Mineralogy and 
Geology; Geography and Explorations; Natural History and 
Zoology; Botany; Agriculture and Rural Economy; Piscicul- 
ture; Domestic and Household Economy; Mechanics and En- 
gineering; Technology; Materia Medica; MisccUaneons; Ne- 
crology and Bibliography. 
This Table of Contents seems copious enough for the most 
omnivorous appetite, nevertheless we should have been glad 
bad there been a Politico Economic department. It might 
have been difficult to ascertain growth or progress in some 
subjects where the progress is itself in the nature of unde- 
monstrable opinion. But there is a large field in which positive 
facts are ascertainable, and we think in a work of this charac- 
ter a statistical department would not be out of place; at any 
rate the body of stated facts might be classified and their re- 
sults computed. 
It might have been expected that Prof. Baird, whose con- 
nection with the Smithsonian is known to our readers, would 
have given preeminence to bis favorite studies in Natural His- 
tory and Zoology. This is not so; however, that department 
occupies its proper space and no more. We give here an ex- 
tract which, though not new to these pages, is worth tran- 
scription, if only to enforce the facts on our memory: 
“The enormous destruction of buffaloes on the western 
plains seems lo have undergone no diminunitiou during the 
present winter, and there is reason to fear that should this 
continue a year longer, the ammal will become as scarce as its 
European congener at the present day. Notwithstanding the 
countless herds of bisous that covered the plains of Central 
E trope i . the time of Ceesar and subsequently, it is stated 
that all that, are now Uving m Europe consist of a herd of less 
than fifty in Lithuania where they are carefully preserved by 
the Emperor of Russia, a death penalty bemg executed upon 
those who wilfully molest them. A few are still Uving in the 
Caucasus, but even there they are extremely rare. At present 
thousands of buffaloes are slaughtered every day for their 
Wes alone, which, however, have glutted the market to such 
an extent that whereas a few years ago they were weU worth 
three doUars apiece at the railroad stations, skins of bulls now 
being but one Wlar, and those of cows and calves sixty and 
forty cents respectively. A recent short surveying expedition 
in Kansas led to the discovery that on the south fork of the 
Republican, upon one spot, were to be counted 6500 carcasses 
of buffaloes from which the hides oaly had been stripped. 
The meat was not touched, but left to rot on the plains. At a 
short distance hundreds more of carcasses were discovered, 
and, in fact, the whole plains were dotted with putrefying re- 
mains of buffaloes. It was estimated that there were at least 
2000 hunters encamped along the plains, hunting the buffalo. 
One party oi sixieen stated that they had killed 2800 during 
the past summer, the hides only being utilized. 
It is of uourse very important that some remedy should be 
provided for this evil, but what will answer the purpose it is 
difficult to suggest. As these animals range almost entirely 
withiu the territories of the United States, it is within the 
province of Congress to enact laws prohibiting their destruc- 
tion, but the difficulties he in the matter of enforcing them. 
Possibly some provision for seizing and confiscating the green 
hides along certain lines of railway or during certain seasons 
of the year, as a part of the penalty to bo attached to the vio- 
lation of the-law on the subject might accomplish the result; 
but at any rate, the subject is one that demands the prompt 
attention of legislators, in view of the relationship of this ani- 
mal to the welfare of the Indians and the reaction which their 
destitution will produce upon the scattered white BetUomeuts 
in the yioiuity of the ranges of both buffaloes and Indians." 
The following are pedigrees of English Setters of 
other strains than those given in the fermer classes, 
viz., Field Trial and Laverack. These pedigrees have 
been furnished by the owners of the dogs. 
GKOUSE. — Red and white, eight years old; Imported 
1869 by the present owner, Mr. E. W. Hope of La 
Grange, Mo. “Grouse" was broken by the game 
keeper of Edmond Castle, Cumberland. 
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NELL. — Black and white, thirteen years old; imported 
1860, by the owner, E. W. Hope of La Grange, 
Mo. “Nell” was broken by Mr. Maxwell, New 
Brompton, Cumberland. 
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Besides the above Mr. Hope has a matched brace of 
liver and white dog pups, “Dash” and “Bang,” ten 
months old and broken, bred from “ Grouse” and 
“Nell," and a fine lemon and white bitch. 
MAY. — Orange and white, with freckled nose and legs, 
three years old. Bred for imported stock, and 
owned by O. D. Foulks, Esq., of Chesapeake City, 
Maryland. 
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JOE. — Orange and white, five years old; broken by Mr. 
Theo. Morford of Trenton, N. J., and sold by him 
to Mr. Shipman of Brooklyn, L. I. 
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FRANK, — Orange and white, five years old. Broken 
and owned by Mr. Morford. Same pedigree as 
“Joe.” 
DUKE, BRUCE and MAY — -Vll orange and white, one 
year old. Bred and owned by Mr. Morford, by 
“Joe,” out of “Nell,” an orange and white hitch 
of Mi. Morford'a; pedigree uukaowu. 
DcTon and Cornwall Field Trials. 
The field trials commeneed on Wednesday, April 14, in the nelgh- 
horhood of Exeter, and, were to continue the next day and Friday. 
Our English exchanges contain the result of only the two first days, 
therefore we are able to give the result np to the second day, Thurs- 
day, only. 
The trials opened on Wednesday with the setter pappy stakes for 
dogs or bitches whelped in 1874, with a £5 cup given by jBdCt Lift, 
and £10 added as the first prize, and £5 5s second prize. For this 
there were five entries, viz.: Mr. Llewellln's “Countess Bear" and 
“ Conntess Moll,” both by “ Dan” oat of “ Countess,” and both 
1 year, 3 months old; Mr. James Walton’s “Fan,” pedigree un- 
known, 11 months old; Mr. Elias Bishop’s “Dinah,” 1 year, 2 
months old, by “Ranger” ont of “Lady;” and Mr. F. Hemming’a 
“ Rhyl,” by “ Ranger” ont of “ Cora.” “ Dinah” and “ Rhyl” beat 
aU the others, and as “ Rhyl” was entered for the next stakes his 
owner, Mr. Hemming, consented to divide with “Dinah,” so 
“ Rhyl” took the cup and “ Dinah” the £15 5s. 
The second trial was for the Powdram stakes, each entry to com- 
prise a brace. The first prize was a cop given by the Kennel Clnb 
and £14, the second prize £7. The entries for this were Mr. Le- 
wellyn’s “Druid” and "Lcda.” “Druid,” 2 years old by “Prince” 
out of “ Dora,” " Lcda,” 2 1-2 years by “Dan,” out of 
" Lil! ;” Mr. F. Hemming’s “ Rhyl ” and “ Rum” 3 years old 
by “Dash,” ont of “Moll;” Mr. W. C. Sim’s “Nelly,” and "Kate,” 
the former 2 years old and the latter 6, pedigrees of both 
nnknown; and Mr. Thos. Cunnington’s “Bride,” and “Rosa,” 2 
years old by “Fred. III.,” out of “Moll” and “Rose,” the same 
age by “Dan,” ont of “Ruby,” “Rhyl” and “Rum,” won never 
making a mistake, beating all the others. “ Druid” failing to prove 
himself the coming dog as was prsdicted for him, Leda also failing 
to be a second Countess, they got only the 2d prize. 
The second day, Thursday, the trials commenced with the pointer 
pappy stakes; the first prize for which was a £5 cap given by Spratt's 
Biscuit Company. For this there were only two entries, Mr. Sam. 
uel Price’s “Sol,” 8 months by "Bang” out of “Luna,” and Mr. 
Edwin Bishop’s “Squire” 1 year. 3 months, by "Bogey” out of 
“Juno.” “Sol” carried off the trophy. 
The Trehill stakes for setters of all ages and sexes, first prize, cap 
and £12.12; second prize £6.6, was the next trial. The entries 
were Mr. Macdona’s “Ranger,” d.'years, Mr. Llewellyn’s "Countess 
Moll,” and “Conntess Bear,” Mr. Cunnington’s “Bride,” Mr. 
Sim’s “Kate,” and Jlr. Hemming’s “Ginx Baby” fiyears, by “Dan” 
out of “Rhoda,” “Bride” and “Kate” were withdrawn, and “Ran- 
ger” going to work in his accustomed style, easily vanquished his 
competitors, and was declared the winner, “Conntess Bear” getting 
the second prize. 
The Peamore stakes for braces belonging to the same owner, resi- 
dent in Devon or Cornwall, the first prize for which was a revolver 
and a £5 cup. closed the day’s sport. The entries were Mr. Sims’ 
“Kate and Nelly,” and Mr. Elias Bishop's “Dinah and British.” 
“British” having become sorefooted and lame, Mr. Bishop was com- 
pelled to withdraw his brace, and “Kate and Nellie” were awarded 
the first prize. 
Patents. 
The following Patents, in which our readers are interested, were 
issued under date of March 30 and April 6: 
161,343. Locks for Fire Arms, John H. Lester, Niantic, Conn., 
assignor, etc. A fire arm leaving the pin or locking means in com- 
bination with the hammer, having two or more reeessea and 
adapted to locking the hammer In different positions, with other 
combinations. 
161,382. Machine for feeding cartridge-shells, Aug. C. Carey, Bos- 
ton. A feed wheel with pockets receives the blanks from a hopper 
and carries them to the mouth of an eduction tube, through which 
they fall by gravity. An agitator in the hppper is constantly actua- 
ted by the corrugations in the wheel. Other combinations. 
161,480. Magazine Fire Arms, Reuben S. Chaffee, Spring- 
field, 111., deseription not intelligible without cuts 
161,514, Cartridge-shells, N. C. Hunting, Lincoln, HI., combina- 
tion with a cartridge shell open at both ends of fiangad head, rubber 
disk and plate, united by priming tube, 
161,559. Breechloading Firo Arms, W. M. Scott, Birmingham, 
Eng and. In drop-down, breech-loading Fire Arms, the combina- 
tion with the barrel of two outer sliding locking bolts carried by the 
break off and taking into sockets formed in side enlargements . 
161,615. Revolving Fire Arms, Freeman W. Hood, Norwich, Ct. 
A compound elastic latch, composed of main-spring, stud and 
auxiliary elastic cammed book applied to lock and magazine frame 
and hammer. 
161,636. Cartridge loadijig implement, \V. G. Rawbons, Toronto; 
cuts needed for descripl ion. 
161,682. Cartridge loading implements, Lewis L. Hepburn, Ilion, 
N. Y. An arm, having a recess in its side for receiving and locking 
the shell in combination with another arm provided with pointed 
screw, said arms being pivoted together at their extremity and other 
combinations. 
The fine flavor of the white-fish in many western lakes is attrib- 
uted to a celery-fed parasite on which it lives. This celery is the 
marine plant that gives to the canvas-back duck its glory among 
connoisseurs of the table. Here is a good bint in the line of fish 
culture. Why may not common varieties of fish be made table 
delicacies, for instance, by putting them on a mild diet of Worcee- 
tcrsliire sauce before they are served? It is the creosote and gas par- 
asite, however — the deadly refuse of oil and paper mills— that 
should be first looked to. Clams and oysters and even fish aro thue 
being foully impregnated and suinetimes killed. The fish of the 
Genesee river were recently found so tainted with kerosene from 
oil rniils as to render them unfll for food. A similar condition in 
the river Iser, producing an appeal from the fisherman of Munich to 
the government, has called out an eminent chemist, I’rof, A. Wag- 
ner, who shows by experiments, that in water with one pur cent, of 
gas refuse, fish die In six minutes, with one-half per cent, they dio 
in thirty minutes, while one-tenth per cent, kill.s the hardiest river 
fish in twenty-tour hours. A partial guard against this, the profes- 
sor auggeets, U to allow a gradual discharge of the refose iste tha 
stream, instead of tht wholeeale dumping now practleud. 
