A DICTIONARY OF 
162 
Diirgan Wheat. ‘ Bearded wheat.’ — Kent, Hal. 
Duscle. ‘ The herb Solatrum nigi'um.^ — Hal. Wr. Ho doubt a 
misprint for Solanum nigrum, L., but we have not met with the name 
elsewhere. 
Dusty Husband. (1) Cerastium tomentosum, L. (gardens). — dies. 
Brom the white mealiness of the leaves. 
(2) Arahis alpiiia, L. (gardens). — dies. From the masses of white 
flowers. 
Dusty Miller (or sometimes, as in Line., Dusty Milner). From its 
white powdery appearance. Primula Auricula, L. — Aberdeensh. ; 
Lothians ; Mearns, Jamieson. 
Dutch. TrifoUum vepens, L. — Prior, p. 69 ; Dors. Hal. Wr. 
Dutch Agrimony. Eupatorium cannahinum, L. — li. Cat. 
Dutch Beech. See Beech. 
Dutch Cheese. Fruit of Malva rotundifolia, L. — Ches. 
Dutch Clover. See Clover. Prior, p. 69. 
Dutch Medlar. Alespilus germanica, L. — See Medlar. 
Dutch Mice. Lathy rus tuherosus, L., is ‘ occasionally cultivated ’ 
under this name. — Card. Chron. 1860, p. 774. 
Dutch Morgan, dirysanthemum Leiicanthemum, L. — Wight, Hal. 
Dutch Myrtle. Alyrica Gale, L. — With. ed. ii. ; Prior, p. 69. 
Dutch Rushes. Eguisetumhyemale, L. — With. ed. iv. ; Prior, p. 69. 
Dwale. (1) Atropa Belladonna, L. — Turn. Lib., Lyte, Ger. Appjx., 
Prior, p. 69. 
‘ The frere with his flsik * this folke hath enchaunted, 
And doth men drink dwale • that men dredeth no synne.’ 
Piers Plowman, C. text, Pass, xxiii. 378 (ed. Skeat, 
vol. iii. pp. 446, 447). 
Dwale means an opiate, that which dulls. The English didl, A.S. ddl 
[Germ, tolli], is a mere variation of diual, the older form, apparent in 
the Moesogothic dwals, which means dull; hence Swedish diuala, a 
stupor, and Mid. Eng. dwale, an opiate. Mr. Johns (Flowers of the 
Field, p. 447) says: ‘The English name diuale is derived from a 
French word deuil, which signifies “mourning.”’ This remark is, of 
course, utterly wrong ; the mere presence of the letter lu in the word 
is enough to show that the word is of Teutonic origin ; and a moment’s 
reflection will show that the French deuil has assumed in English the 
well-known form dool or dule. The Mseso-Gothic dwals means foolish; 
the A.S. dol (formerly dwol) means stupid, and is now spelt dull. 
Divale means dulling or stupefying, from the effect of the plant. Hence, 
in Piers Plowman, C. xxiii. 379, the phrase ‘ to drynke dwale' is used 
of men who have lost all conscience. We are indebted to Mr. Skeat 
for the foregoing note. 
(2) ‘ Common nightshade. Yorhshire.' — Harte’s Essays on Hus- 
bandry, j). iii. (1770). He means Solanum Dulcamara, L., not Atropa, 
which is subsequently named. 
