Part III. ] Witt: Sylviculture of Hardwiclda binata. 97 
I ' . . . 
between a two and a three-year-old seedling by its size. Comparing 
Figs. IV and VIII (a), except for the cotyledon, who would imagine that 
Fig. IV represented a seedling one month old, and Fig. VIII (a) a seedling 
three years old ? 
(ii) Root development. — As regards the tap-root we again find that 
further development has been very slight and gradual. Fig. VIII 
depicts three three-year- old seedlings dug up on August 6th, 1908. They 
had therefore completed three years of growth, and were just entering 
on their fourth year. The figures are drawn to scale, life size. The 
different lengths of the tap-roots were 20-30 inches, 23‘30 inches, and 
30-3 inches, respectively. They were dug up within one foot of j the 
spot from which the two-year-old seedlings were taken, and were 
therefore in similar soil, so that comparison is {possible. From these 
examples it is clear that there has been very httle development in length 
since the first year and still less between the second and third year. 
On the other hand, there has been an appreciable thickening of the 
tap-root, as may be easily seen by comparing Figs. II, III, V, and VIII. 
The tendency of the tap-root to lose its lateral rootlets, especially 
near the surface, continues, in fact it is at this stage the exception, rather 
than the rule, to find any lateral rootlets within 12 to 15 inches of the 
surface. 
(d) Development during Fourth and Subsequent Years. 
From the fourth year onwards we are m.uch in the dark as regards 
the development of the seedling, until we find it a healthy saphng, 
shooting up rapidly 1 and 2 feet in a year. 
All we know at present is, that those seedhngs which get through 
the first two or three years of their existence, and they are few compared 
with the numbers that originally germinated, drag on an existence which 
appears to consist mainly of root development, the part above ground 
only very gradually developing into a little much branched bush 12 
to 18 inches in height (see Plate A). Then suddenly a change seems 
to come, a leading shoot forms, and, pro-vdded it is not interfered with, 
starts growing in height a foot or more annually. The chief point to 
elucidate in this stage of the development is how long does it take the 
average Anjan plant to reach the stage where height growth com- 
mences. From general observations we believe the length of time to 
