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Indian Forest Records. 
[VOL. 11. 
necessary chance of asserting themselves. To illustrate what has been 
said, we will give two examples from the Punasa Reserve to show what 
has occurred, and what is actually going on at the present time in these 
forests. 
Example 7. — In coupe 9 of the Chickdaria Pelling Series a large patch 
of advance growth was observed in December 1906. The soil here con- 
sists of a light sandy loam, and the underlying rock of alternate layers 
of shale and sandstone, very much fissured, and easily disintegrating. 
The advance growth varied, from bushes barely 2 feet high to saplings of 
8 feet, which we estimated to be from 8-15 years of age. The existence 
of this most perfect reproduction led us to search, on the same area, 
for the seeding of 1905, but for the most part in vain. 
On the other hand, in the adjoining coupe 30, the same seeding was 
to be found in profusion, more especially where the grass was longest. 
Now observe the reason. 
Coupe 9 was at the time of the seeding open to grazing, whereas 
coupe 30 was closed. As regards the existence of the advance growth, 
the explanation is as follows : — 
Coupe 9 is situated in a very remotte part of the reserve. Until 
the year 1895, that is to say, eleven years previously, there 
was almost certainly no grazing in this area. 
In 1895 a forest village was established here, and grazing commenced, 
at first light, and then gradually more severe. The advance growth 
which we now see, had, however, already established itself before the 
grazing commenced, and once established, grazing has been unable to ex- 
terminate it, although it shows evidence of constant browsing. 
Example II . — In April 1907 coupe 2, Takli Pelling Series, was found 
to contain a large number of Anjan saplings 5-8 feet high, which, judg- 
ing from the annular rings on the stems, were net more than 18 inches 
high in 1902. 
At the same time they appeared to be of considerable age. Up to 
the year 1902 this area had been open to grazing, but it was then felled 
over, and consequently closed to grazing from that year. The inference 
to be made is clear. The advance growth was already there, but heavy 
grazing prevented its further development. Immediately the area was 
closed to grazing, the plants shot up. 
We might multiply these examples indefinitely, but the two will 
suffice. 
