Part III. ] Witt : Sylviculture of Hardwickia hinata. 131 
This is the sort of thing that is going on now, and has been going on 
for a long time in all these Anjan forests. It of course varies in degree in 
different parts. In Berar, in the same type of forest, regeneration is, we 
believe, more unsatisfactory than in Nimar. More serious denudation 
of the forests in Berar, and more general and intensive grazing, may well 
account for this result. 
Note. — Since writing the foregoing, some fresh sylvicultural notes on Hardwickia 
hinata have appeared in the June and July 1909 number of the Indian Forester. 
The notes are hy ilr. L. S. Osmaston. It is gratifying to find that our own observa- 
tions are borne out, in almost every particular, by this observer, more especrafly 
with reference to the effect of a growth of grass on seedlings. His notes relating 
to the coppicing power of Anjan, we have remarked on under their appropiiate 
head. They compel us to somewhat modify our views on that part of the s ibject. 
and will influence, to some extent, what we still have to say in the fcUowing 
chapter on the subject of tending. 
Ih— Tending. 
(1) Tending during Early Youth. 
From what has been said, it is evident that the Anjan requires con- 
siderable attention during early youth. The seedlings, we have seen, 
are peculiarly liable to damage. It will be convenient to deal with each 
element of danger separately. 
(a) Protection ayainst External Dangers. 
(i) Drought and hot dry winds. — These are the deadliest enemies of 
the Anjan seedling. 
To prevent their ravages, as dense a crop as is consistent with the re- 
generation of the forest should be retained, and grass and undergrowth 
made use of as nurses, as much as possible. 
(n) Grazing. — Graziiig should on no account be permittted unti. 
the seedlings have thoroughly established themselves, which process will 
take at least five years. Even then it should neither be continuous nor 
intensive. It may, however, prove useful, for short intervals, in clearing 
the young plants, which it must be remembered are partial light de- 
manders, of any exceptionally thick growth of grass. It may be used as 
a form of weeding, but must not be such as to imperil the further develop- 
ment of the seedlings. Young growth, both seedling and coppice, is 
highly favoured by cattle and deer. Heavily grazed Anjan has a peculiar, 
tii.tk, Luchy appearance, of which an example is depicted, in Plate H, 
