Part IV.] 
Rama Rao : Iloxt Plants of the Handal Tfec. 
187 
are found on its roots in the vicinity of sandal trees ; penetration is 
easily effected into the wood of the host. It is a very good host for 
the sandal, but its exclusiveness and gregariousne.ss kill out all 
other species of herbs and shrubs and prevent tree species thriving 
in its mid.st ; this appears to be a danger to the sandal tree in its 
later stages of growth when the Lantana by itself cannot furnish all 
the nutriment that its gniest requires while there are no other species 
to help the latter. The “ spike ” disease .seems to have been first 
ob.served in sandal trees growing amidst the Lantana and it is a 
que.stion still to be answered whether this species is or is not re- 
sponsible for the appearance of that fell disea.se. 
(JOo) Tectona grandis — (Deciduous tree). — In nursery experi- 
ments^ I have found sandal seedlings forming root-attachments 
with teak seedlings and thriving fairly well in their company, but I 
have not examined teak roots clo.se to sandal trees in nature. This 
requires further investigation in the field. 
{106) Fremna tomentosa — (Deciduous shrub or .small tree). — I 
have found only one haustorium at the point of attachment between 
sandal and this species in the single specimen examined ; biit the 
sandal rootlet trailed along the ho.st’s root for a short length. 
Further examination of attacked roots is nece.ssary to determine its 
utility as a nurse. 
(107) Vitex Negundo — (Deciduous .shrub). — Its roots were found 
very extensively attacked, even a thick tap-root being almost com- 
pletely covered with living haustoria and scars of withered ones ; 
examination of some of them under the micro.scope showed penetra- 
tion to the woody cylinder. This seems to be an excellent nurse 
for sandalwood. In the roots examined the haii.storia were large 
and flat and brownish in colour. 
(lOS) Vitex altissima — (Deciduous tree). — I found small roots 
of this species attacked moderately and the haustorial scars on the 
roots examined exposed the woody tissiies of the ho.st to view ; the 
haustorium was slightly above medium size. It is commonly met 
with in the plains and hills in sandal areas and being also a good 
timber tree its a.ssociation with .sandal is doubly advantageous. 
(109) Stachytarpheta indica. — Tliis is one of the species the 
roots of which were found by Dr. Bai’ber to have been attacked by 
sandal roots. No further information is available. 
* My “ Notes on Sandal.” — Indian Forest Records, Volume II, Part III. 
