Mines and Mineral Statistics. 
98 
If for any special purpose a riclior or purer ore be required, tlie 
nodules could be readily separated from the loose ore before it is sent 
to the surface. As shown by the following analysi.s. these nodules are 
much richer, and contain on an average 51*52 per cent, metallic iron. 
Aiiali/iiis of Goethlte and massive Hematite, 
Water, hygroscopic 
1*28 
„ combined 
1204 
Silica and iuRoluble matter 
12*19 
^Sesquioxide of iron ... 
73*60 
Phosphorus 
*12 
Sulphur... 
*06 
tITndetermined ... 
*71 
100*00 
As will be seen from the above analysis, this brown hematite con- 
tains but very small proportions of phosphorus and sulphur, and far 
less than the well known iS'orthamptonshire brown iron ore. 
Probably it will be found feasible and economical to work much of 
this deposit as a quarry in slopes, on account of its great width, and 
because it is favourably situated on a hill side. By this method 
expensive shafts and galleries can be dispensed with. 
4. Cloy hands . — As I have already mentioned, the English clay 
iron ores, or “clay bands” as they are generally termed, are impure 
carbonates of iron, containing a large quantity of argillaceous or clayey 
matter. In Scotland an ore of this kind occurs, containing a large 
quantity of carbonaceous matter as well, and is known as the “ black 
band,” and like the English “clay bands” it is found interstratiiicd 
with the coal measures. The percentage of carbonaceous substance 
varies fiv)m 10 to 15 cent., and in some cases rises to even 30 per 
cent. The presence of tins is a great advantage, for they contain 
sulhcicnt to effect their roasting, previous to reduction, without the 
jaddition of any extra fuel. 
This so called “ clay hand” appears to be more of a brown hematite, 
of the kind known as limonite. 
I was enabled to examine four seams of this ore. They are intcr- 
stratificd with the coal measiu’es, and, in common with them, at this 
part they are a])proxiraately liorizontal, having only a slight dip of not 
more than about 2^ to the JS'.E. ; their outcrop are seen jetting out in 
the gullies and creeks on botli the E. and W. sides of the Dividing 
Eange. 
The lower of the four scams is perhaps the least pure and valuable 
of them all ; but the other three are of very good quality and of great 
value, as shown by the analysis. 
* Eqiiival s t to 5]* *2 per ''ent. metallic iron. 
t ('(.nsistiag jiiii'i ully uf magauese, alumina, lime, and m'.gncsia. 
