Mines and Mineral Statistics. 
II4 
of the diamond is said undoubtedly to be a terliary sandstone. 
Burton,^ in his book on the Iliglilands of Jh'azil, states that it 
occurs in itacohmiite, a metamorphosed palieo/voic rock ; but this 
statement I’Cfpiires confirmatiun. This, however, is known indis- 
putal>Iy, — that they occur in the alluvial drifts of various kinds 
similar to those of iS'ew Houth Wales. 
Diamonds found on the Cuddapah Hills in India are stated to 
occur ill a coi' doiacrate, and between Sangor and Mirzapore iu a 
solid sandstone, and also in a ferruginous conglomerate; and iu 
a gravel at Cuddapore, containing jiehbles of traj), granite, schist, 
quartz, jasper, sandstone, and also of the neighbouring limestone ; 
basalt also is fouml near l)y. 
And at Hangnapilly the diamond is said to liave been found in 
a sandstone, ioget'icr with corundum and magnetite, as well as iu 
breccia, and the slates there are fllnly. The district of Kumarea 
aud Ih'I'lgejiore is conglomeratic, aiul associated with sandstone 
beds. Other diamoiul-bcaring localities of India also are con- 
glomeratic. 
In l-iussla too conglomerates seem to be the present receptacle 
of the diamond; iihlium is tlicre associated with it. 
Borneo — again here we find it in a conglomerate containing 
quartz, etc., and associated with gold, ])latinnm, and osmiridium. 
Then too, in Africa, tliey are found in a drift, and usually within 
a few feet of the surface, from 3 to 9 feet, and rarely down so 
far as ;i) feet. 
Here, again, one of the main features of tlie district is the 
presence of sandstone, citlicr of Upper Silurian or Devonian 
age ; (I'ap is also present, and a conglomerate or breccia, contain- 
ing boulders of granite, gneiss, mica schist, porphyiy, sandstone, 
jasper, slate, agate, Ac. 
In conclusion, avc arc still as much iu the dark rcs[)eeting tlic 
origin of liie diamond or even its true matrix, for no good proof 
lias yet licen olfei-ed on this ciuesiion, as we have seen in nearly 
all cases it occurs iu an ancient river drift, aud is usually associ- 
ated with sandstones, conglomerates, and trap rocks ; neither do 
we know the matrix of the sai)pliirc, zirc<m,Ac., whicli arc usually 
much rolled, as if they liad been borne a great distance. The 
sapphires from Hingera seem to have undergone but little altera- 
tion, and consequently have not travelled far, so that perhaps wo 
may soon light upon their source and that of the diamonds simul- 
taneously. Hiiigera certainly seems the most hopeful locality to 
elucidate this point of any at present known. 
Before closing this paper, 1 must express my obligations to 
Messrs. AVostcott aud AT Caw, and to Air. Dougherty, of the 
Gwydir Diamond Co., for their great assistance iu procuring and 
*** See vol, II, ji. 14-i. 
