Part Jl.] 
Caccia : Developiiieni of Sal. 
187 
Stem Form Factors result when the volume of the stem alone, includ- 
ing the top, is used in the formula ; whilst tree form-factors relate to the 
entire volume of the tree, including branches, twigs and all. In addition, 
for use in commercial estimating, timber and merchantable form factors 
may be prepared. The former usually result from a theoretical definition 
of timber, a minimum diameter measurement being prescribed for re- 
search purposes : the latter, or merchantable form factors, miist be pre- 
pared separately for different locahties and they depend on the minimum 
size of timber which can be disposed of in the local market. Timber and 
merchantable form factors are dealt with in Part III of this Note. 
The following form of table has been suggested by Henry Solon Graves 
in his “ Forest Mensuration ”* : — 
Diameter, 
breast-height in 
inches. 
j Height in feet. 
4° 45 so 55 
Average Merchantable Form Factors. 
6 Inches . 
7 » • 
8 „ . . 
Section 7. — Stem Volume Tables. 
Stem Volume' Tables may be prepared either in terms of diameter 
and height, or merely in terms of the diameter only. Such tables should 
as a rule be prepared separately for circumscribed tracts. In Germany 
age is also taken into consideration, a minuteness of research, which in 
reality only appears necessary when it is sought to"make volume tables 
applicable to vast regions, or when they are specially required to accur- 
ately determine the volume of the different age-classes of a systematical] y 
worked forest. 
Volume tables are nowadays less used than form factors, as the latter 
are more handy. Nevertheless, in India, under emsting conditions 
* Forest llensuration by Tleary Solon Graves, M.A., Director of the Foiest School, 
Yale University, New York. John Wilev and Sons, lOOfi. 
