Part III.] Steering and James : On the Bark-horing Beetles of Zhob. 247 
There is no doubt that a large number of trees have suffered in the 
course of the last few years on account of the pest, but the proportion of 
green and healthy trees is still very considerable. Muhabbat Rai, the 
Forest Ranger lately appointed to the district, accompanied me and was 
at Shinghar through the whole season. 
‘ ‘ On arrival I at once set about making a thorough insjiection of the 
forest and carried out various experiments with antiseptics to ascertain 
which would be most efficacious in eradicating the pest. 
‘ ‘ In past years the method of wholesale felling of affected trees had 
been adopted or faihng this the application of coal tar to the bark. To 
my mind the former method was wasteful, as it precluded any chance of 
saving a partly affected tree. 
‘ ‘ In addition to this I found that the Arozai and Haripal owners of 
the forest very strongly objected to the wholesale feUing of their valu- 
able trees. They are not sufficiently civilized to realise that the damage 
to the trees was done by boring beetles and argued that the forest had 
been their property for many generations and in all that time had come 
to no harm. They were incapable of believing that anything but 
‘ Kismat ’ would kill the trees. In consequence they regarded with 
decided hostility any action which prematurely destroyed what appeared 
to them a healthy and fruit-bearing tree. I have all through the season 
taken the owners into my confidence, and attempted by optical demon- 
stration to show them the real cause of the mischief. I believe that I 
have made some little impression on them, but they are very conserva- 
tive in the matter. However, to induce their co-operation, I set myself 
to devise some method which would at any rate have the desired effect 
without Idlling partly affected trees. I found that coal tar smeared over 
the bark was useless as there were trees that had been pre\'iously so 
treated but had been lately attacked actually on the part where the coal 
tar still existed. 
“ It is not necessary to go fully into the methods and life history of 
the Shinghar Borers as they are given by Mr. Stebbing in his book entitled 
‘ A Note on the Chilgoza {Pinus Gerardiana) Bark-boring Beetles of 
Zhob, Baluchistan.’ It will suffice to say that the three borers {Poly- 
graphns Trenchi, Phlceosinus and Pityogenes coniferce) mentioned bv 
him are all bark borers. Now the bark of the Chilgoza is very thin. It 
consequently struck me that probably some strong antiseptic could be 
used on the affected part of the tree which would soak in and kill the 
insects. 
“ With this in view I tried solutions of — 
Perchloride of Mercury (1 in 300 and 1 in 500) — 
1. Carbolic acid (1 in 20), 
2. Kerosine oil alone, 
