Part III.] Puran Singh : 'Note on Manufr. of N gai Camphor. 273 
Nitric acid has no decomposing action on camphor in the cold, but 
forms with it an oily liquid from which camphor is precipitated on the 
addition of water. 
(4) By acting on a solution of camphor in chloroform with bromine, 
a bromide of camphor CiQHi0Br2O is formed. 
By the action of bromine on camphor alone at 100° — 120°C. mono- 
brom-camphor CioHi5BrO and dibrom-camphor CjQHj^Br.^O are 
formed. It will be seen that these are substitution products of camphor. 
The bromide of camphor is an unstable substance which is spontane- 
ously decomposed, especially under the influence of light, into mono- 
brom-camphor and hydrobromic acid. 
C 1 qH 1 eO Br2 — H Br -|- C iqH 1 5 Br 0 
(5) By reduction with sodium, camphor is converted into Borneol or 
Borneo camphor {q. v. infra), which according to its chemical nature is an 
alcohol. The inverse reaction which is mentioned farther on can also be 
readily accomplished. 
To understand the significance, from a theoretical point of view, of 
these two interesting reactions, standard works on organic chemistry 
should be consulted, but it may be noted here that the conclusions that are 
to be drawn from these two reactions are that borneol bears the same 
relation to camphor as an alcohol to its aldehyde or as a secondary alcohol 
to the corresponding ketone. 
ii. Borneol camphor (d-borneol), ^10^18^ • 
Borneo camphor, also called Barus camphor or Kapur Barus (from 
Barus, a town in Sumatra), Malay camphor, Sumatra camphor, and in 
India known as Bhimsaini or Baras, is extracted from Dryobalanops 
camphora. It has small colourless and friable cr3'^stals, which when the 
article is re-crystallised from ligroin are, according to Traube [Journ. 
F. PraJct. Chem., Vol. II, 49, p. 3), brilliant laminae or plates belonging to 
the hexagonal system. 
Its odour is more or less similar to that of camphor, but is less pungent, 
and recalls at the same time the odour of pepper. It melts and boils at 
higher temperatures (m. p. 203° — 204°C., b. p. 212°C.) than Laurus 
camphor, has greater specific gravity (according to Plowman, Pharm. 
Journ., Ill, 4, p. 710, sp. gr. for d-borneol = 1 Oil, for l-borneol=:l-02), is 
