Part IV.] Caccja ; Selection method of treatment in India. 329 
It has been shown that the Tulsipur forests contain but little valuable 
timber, and owing to the nature of the ground there is not much prospect of 
any considerable improvement in this direction. But the forests are of great 
utility in supplying the wants (including grazing) of the surrounding population; 
and their position at the foot of the barren Nepal hills renders their careful 
preservation a matter of vital importance. 
Under these circumstances the object sought to be attained must be two- 
fold 
(a) To increase the area under forest and improve the quality of the 
growing stock, and at the same time to maintain a regular supply 
of such produce as is required by the surrounding villages, both 
privileged and non-privileged, and of the larger classes of timber for 
the more distant markets. 
(b) To provide for the cattle of the privileged villages to the satisfaction 
of the villagers, with a minimum of damage to the forests and 
hindrance fo the realisation of the above objects. 
With the objects mentioned in the preceding section in view, selection fell- 
ings based on sylvicultural requirements are prescribed for the whole of the 
closed forests, and under this system mature trees of all species will be removed. 
The selection fellings will be followed in each coupe by cleanings, which 
will take place twice during the rotation. 
Selection fellings . — Since the fellings are based entirely on sylvicultural 
requirements, the calculation of the exploitable age is unnecessary, and it will 
be sufficient if the girth at which each of the more important species become 
mature is laid down. This will, of course, differ according to the locality, but 
from observations made in the more favourable situations the following assump- 
tions may be made : — 
Sal attains maturity at 
a girth of . 
5' 
6" 
Dhao 
)) 99 
99 • • • 
6' 
O'' 
Asna 
99 99 
99 • • * 
6' 
0" 
Shishan 
>9 99 
99 • • • 
6 
0" 
Haldu 
9 9 9 9 
99 • . • 
7' 
0* 
Khair 
9 9 9 9 
• • • 
4' 
0" 
Miscellaneous species 
• • • 
6' 
0" 
Half the mature timber which is exploitable, having 
regard to 
the density 
of the crop and the state of regeneration, will be removed by the selection 
fellings during the felling rotation. These fellings will put a regular supply 
of large trees on the market. In each annual coupe the selection fellings will 
be followed by cleanings which will include the felling of inferior trees of all 
sizes, the removal of which will benefit the growing stock, and the thinning 
out of pole forests. These latter fellings will have to supply the wants of the 
privileged villagers and the balance over will be available for the local markets. 
They wdll be repeated in each coupe after ten years. Owing to the extreme 
irregularity of the forests and the absence of any valuation of the crop no cal- 
culation of the possibility is practicable. 
Each circle has been divided into 20 annual coupes. • ' . 
Half the mature trees, i-e., the more mature half, according to the girths 
fixed above of all species, will be removed provided that no permanent blanks 
are thus created. There should be little difficulty in executing these fellings 
satisfactorily. On the high and broken land mentioned in Part I, as being 
