10 
Indian Forest Records. 
[VoL. IX 
Then again, at the time they were laid down it was not known that in 
the case of the Pines infinitely better results could be obtained by laying 
treated sleepers heart up and sap down, instead of vice versa, a point very 
clearly brought out by these experiments. It has also been found that 
dog-spikes gave better results than screw spikes with treated sleepers. 
(i) Powellized ‘ Chir.’ 
The ‘ Chir ’ Pinus longijolia Powellized sleepers were laid in five 
different localities, of which two are dry, two moderately so and one is 
a wet area. In the two dry and one moderately dry localities the sleepers 
are still doing well ; those near Cawnpore have lasted 9 years and will 
have to be removed in another couple of years, while those in the very 
wet locality on the Eastern Bengal Railway have failed after 9 years. 
From the results to date it is fairly certain that Powellized ‘ Chir ’ 
sleepers will last from 9 to 12 years according to locality and conditions 
of running, and probably longer if more care is taken in the selection 
and laying of the sleepers in the first instance. 
(n) Powellized ‘ Kail.’ 
The ‘ Kail ’ Pinus excelsa Powellized sleepers were laid in the same 
localities as the above mentioned ‘ Chir ’ sleepers. If reference is made 
to the percentage table at the end of Appendix I, it will be seen that 
on the whole ‘ Chir ’ have done better than ‘ Kail ’ sleepers. These 
figures, however, are somewhat misleading as the more unfavourable 
results in the case of ‘ Kail ’ are due to a large number of this species 
being laid in the very wet section on the Eastern Bengal Railway. In 
reality ‘ Kail ’ have generally done slightly better than ‘ Chir,’ but 
hardly sufficiently so to compensate for the extra cost of the former. 
The first batch have failed after 9 years, while those laid in drier 
localities are expected to last 13 years or possibly longer. 
(Hi) Powellized ‘ In.’ 
‘ In ’ Dipterocarpus tuberculatus, Powellized sleepers were laid in the 
wet locality near the Naihati station of the Eastern Bengal Railway. 
They have now been in the line 9| years and will probably have to be 
removed in a year or two. They have behaved in a rather curious way, 
as nearly all of them are sound at the ends and throughout the middle 
and have only deteriorated under the rail seat and round the spike hole. 
These sleepers were laid without bearing plates and will last 10 or 
11 years, there can be little doubt that were plates used their life would 
be considerably increased. 
[ 10 a 
