28 
Indian Forest Records. 
[Voi. IX 
emulsion of Creosote and Chloride of Zinc into the timber, and {Hi) 
of treating the sleepers by the Card process, with Fluoride salts and 
Creosote. 
3. Introduction of the antiseptic into the timber. 
An antiseptic solution can either be introduced into the timber in 
Open Tanks or in Pressure Cylinders. If the work is of a permanent 
nature and more than 25,000 and at the outside 50,000 sleepers are to 
be treated annually, a pressure plant must be installed. Treatment of 
sleepers in Open Tanks can only be a temporary measure ; it is more 
suited for treating posts and small quantities of building material than 
for sleepers. 
4. Species op timber suitable for treatment. 
As far as experiments have gone in India, the Terminalias have given 
the best results. So far only Terminalia tomentosa (Sain) and Terminulia 
mi^riocarfa (Hollock) have been tested, but TermirMlia paniculata 
(Kindal) of which large supplies are available from the West Coast, will 
probably give excellent results, if properly seasoned and then well 
treated. Terminalia Manii and Terminalia procera, both from the 
Andamans, should also be satisfactory. 
Dipterocarps probably come next in importance, of which Diptero- 
tarpus tuberculatus (In), Dipterocarpus alatus (Kanyin) and Dipterocarptis 
pilosus (Hollong) have all given good results. Dipterocarpus iurhinaius 
(Gurjan) and Dipterocarpus Griffithii (Kanyinbyan) should be also 
added to the list. 
Of the Pines, Pinus excelsa (Kail) and Pinus longifolia (Cbir) have 
been tested with satisfactory results, of which the latter, due to its 
greater abundance and relatively lower price is the most likely to answer 
the purpose. 
The firs, namely Abies Pindrow (Silver Fir) and Picea Morinda 
(Spruce) have not been tested on a sufficiently large scale to allow of 
their being definitely classed as sleeper woods after treatment. On the 
other hand there are indications to show that they may answer the 
pur])ose, and as they are plentiful and cheap in the Punjab they are 
likely to be given a large scale trial. 
A fairly large number of Assam woods other than ‘ Hollong ’ and 
‘ Hollock ’ are under experiment, of which several show great promise, 
but as the experiments have only been in progress a little over 5 years 
a definite statement cannot as yet be made as to their suitability for 
treatment as sleepers. 
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