Part IV.] Simonsen : Constituents of Indian Essential Oils. 33 
Z-sabinene. Owing, however, to the small amount of material at his dis- 
posal he was not able to confirm this view. The authors have been able 
to show that the terpene present in the seeds of Z. Budrunga is undoubt- 
edly l-sabinene. On oxidation wfith potassium permanganate in alkaline 
solution it yielded an acid CioHieOs which yielded a sparingly sol- 
uble sodium salt and melted at 55-57°, which is the melting point of 
sabinenic acid, the acid was strongly laevo-rotatory. On treatment 
with hydrogen chloride in acetic acid solution terpinene dihydro- 
chloride melting at 52° was formed, whilst when shaken with dilute 
sulphuric acid 1 : d-terpin melting at 137° was obtained. The formation 
of these derivatives leaves little doubt of the identity of the terpene 
with l-sabinene, a terpene which has not previously been found in 
nature.* 
It was mentioned above that Semmler also showed the presence 
of an aldehyde and of dimethoxy phloroacetophenone in his oil. Neither 
of these constituents were present in the oil examined by the auth- 
ors. In addition to Z-sabinene, a small quantity of a hydrocarbon having 
a higher boiling point was separated which yielded a nitrosite melting 
at 155° and was evidently terpinene. The presence of an alcohol was 
also indicated but it was not found possible to identify it. 
In the authors’ opinion there would appear to be little doubt that 
the oil examined by Semmler was derived from the seeds of Z. Bud- 
runga. It is possible that dimethoxy phloroacetophenone may be 
present in the seeds at a different stage in their development, whilst 
the cuminaldehyde (which was only found in small quantity) may have 
owed its origin to the oxidation of sabinene or terpinene. 
Experimental. 
The oil which was obtained from the roughly ground seeds by distil- 
lation in steam (pressure 20 lbs.) was almost colourless and possessed 
a pleasant and characteristic odour. The yield of oil from the seeds 
was much higher in the case of the ripe seeds (3 per cent) than in the 
case of the young seeds (O' 6 per cent). The constants of the two samples 
of oil have already been given in Table I. Both oils on distillation 
yielded approximately the same results although the hydrocarbon 
from the young seeds was somewhat more highly laevo-rotatory and 
*Agnew and Croad (Analyst 1912.295) isolated l-sabinene from oil of 
savi. The authors have not been able to consult the original paper and the published 
abstracts do not quote the constants of the terpene separated by them. According to 
Wallach (Berichte 1907. 40. 587) and Semmler (Ber’chte 1900. 33. )46'1) oil of savin con- 
tains d-sabineno. 
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