Part V.] Sweet: On Air Seasoning of Indian Timbers. 27 
Girdling reduced the surface cracking and gave the best results 
except for the slight amount of insect damage. Green conversion 
gave fair results. Seasoning in the log, although resulting in the 
greatest amount of splitting, gave fairly good results aside from the 
damage by insects. 
Water seasoning increased the surface cracking and gave the 
poorest general results. 
Green conversion or girdling is recommended for this timber. 
In view of the liability toward surface cracking conversion during or 
near the end of the rainy season is desirable. 
(12) Calophyllum tomentosum (Appendix I — 12). Coorg. 
The only significant seasoning defect recorded against this species- 
was splitting. Although this timber is obviously inclined to split 
easily, the width of the boards into which the logs were cut accen- 
tuated this tendency. The surface cracking was negligible. There 
was little warping or twisting, and no damage from insects or fungi. 
The slight amount of cupping was due to the piling and could easily 
have been prevented. 
There was no marked difference in the results obtained from the 
four methods of seasoning, although green conversion gave slightly 
the poorest general results and seasoning in the log slightly the best. 
Providing the ends of the converted timber and of the logs are pi’otected 
against too rapid drying, it makes little difference what method of 
seasoning is used. 
Although it is not clearly established by these experiments, it is 
generally true that the felling of trees which are partially dried out, 
as by girdling, has a tendency to increase the splitting and the 
shattering of the logs. 
The splitting is accentuated by cutting the timber into wide 
pieces, especially if they include the core of the tree. This is a non- 
refractofy wood and may be expected to season easily and well. 
(13) Cflcphyllum Wightianum (Appendix I — 13). Coorg. 
This timber was considerably depreciated during the seasoning 
due to splitting, surface cracking, and cupping, and is to be classed 
as a wood of medium refractoriness. The timber is said to be 
generally of poor quality in Coorg. There was little decay or dis- 
coloration, and insects did no damage except to the girdled trees, 
in which case the sapwood and heartwood were rather badly riddled 
by large borers. 
There was no marked or consistent difference in the results of the 
four methods of seasoning exclusive of girdling. 
Although water seasoning gave the highest percentage of sound 
scantlings, the surface cracking and splitting, particularly of the- 
boards, were increased by this method of treatment. 
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