36 
Indian Forest Records. 
[VOL. IX 
In the South Chanda Division, where the timber seasoned with 
greater depreciation, girdling reduced the surface cracking and splitting 
verj’ noticeably and gave by far the best results. 
Water seasoning gave the poorest results due to cracking and 
splitting. This species obviously presents some difficulty in seasoning 
to avoid damage by cracking and splitting, but if the converted timber 
is given sufficient protection from too rapid drying and is carefully 
stacked, good results may be obtained. The logs should be converted 
during or near the end of the rainy season. 
(31) Hardwickia binata (Appendix I — 31). South Chanda Division, 
Central Provinces. 
This timber seasoned much better than might be expected, con- 
sidering its density, but must be classed among the more refractory 
species. The surface cracks, although numerous, were generally 
small. The cupping was serious, but much of it was due to the 
stacking and could have been reduced by more careful handling. 
There was little severe splitting or twisting, and no decay, or dis- 
coloration 
It is quite evident that this wood, if left in the log, is very sus- 
ceptible to damage by borers in the heartwood and sapwood. Timber 
cut from girdled trees as well as that seasoned in the log was seriously 
damaged in this way prior to conversion. 
Girdling reduced the surface cracking more than any other method 
and would have given very good results had it not been for the damage 
done by the borers. For this reason girdling and seasoning in the log 
must be avoided. 
There was little difference between the results of green conversion 
and luater seasoning. The amount of surface cracking and cupping 
was about the same in both cases. 
Providing this timber is converted as soon as possible after felling 
to avoid insect attack, and the boards and scantlings are properly 
piled under sufficient protection against rapid drying, very good 
results may be obtained. The logs should not be converted during 
the dry season. 
(32) Hardwickia pinnata (Appendix 1—32). South Mangalore 
Division, Madras. 
This timber was severely damaged during the seasoning through- 
out the sapwood by decay, discoloration, and insect attack. 
The heartwood seasoned easily with little cracking or splitting except 
along the original cracks and shakes in the centre of the logs. Clear 
pieces seasoned with no defects in the heartwood. Practically all of 
the cupping was due to the piling. This species is to be classed 
among the moderately refractorj' woods. 
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