46 
Indian Forest Records. 
[VoL. IX 
surface craeldug was negligible. The wider boards, especially those 
converted green, which were so cut as to contain the core of the tree 
spht badly, but the naiTower boards seasoned without splitting. The 
cupping and twisting were due largely to the method of stacking and 
could have been prevented. Timber, held in the log for seasoning 
was badly damaged by small borers and was also decayed. The storage 
of this timber in the log even for a short time is extremely hazardous. 
Green conversion and girdling gave very good results with little 
difference between the two methods. However, in view of the liability 
to damage by borers girdling is not recommended. 
Water seasoning resulted in considerable splitting and dec.ay. 
This timber may be easily seasoned and with good results if it is 
converted immediately after felling and stacked oj)enly under pro- 
tection from rain so as to accomplish rapid seasoning. 
(52) Trewia nudiflora (Appendix I — 52). Gonda Division, United 
Provinces^ 
The difficulty involved in the seasoning of this wood was due entirely 
to its susceptibility to decay, blue-staining, and insect attack. Other 
seasoning defects such as surface cracking, splitting, etc., were almost 
entirely absent. 
Seasoning in the log and girdling gave very poor results because of 
the decay and staining, as well as the borer attack, that took place in 
the timber while in the logs. 
Water seasoning gave poor results, as a whole, because of decay 
and insect attack, but most of this damage was due to the fact that 
the timber of this group was stacked in a poorly ventilated shed. 
Green conversion gave the best results, but even in this case there 
was some surface discoloration. There was no decay nor insect attack 
except at the ends of the vertically piled boards in contact with soil. 
Apparently there is but one way of seasoning this species by natural 
methods and that is by green conversion immediately after the logs 
are cut, followed by open stacking (preferably vertical) in a free circula- 
tion of air so that the drying can go on as quickly as possible. This- 
timber should be felled and converted during the drj- season so that 
the surface of the pieces may be quickly dried off. Probably the only, 
method of obtaining really satisfactory results in wet localities would 
be to kiln season this wood. 
(.53') Valeria indica (Appendix I — 53). Coorg. Wynaad Division, 
Madras. 
This timber presented no difficulties in the seasoning except those 
due to staining, decay, and insect damage. The wide boards, especially 
those seasoned in the logs, split rather badly, but there was little surface 
cracking or warping, etc. The wood is to be classed among the non- 
refractory species. Large borers did considerable damage to the logs 
held for seasoning and in the girdled trees in Coorg. White ants- 
[ 192 !] 
