Part V.] Sweet : On Air Seasoning of lr),dian Timbers. 
89 
On pages 76-77 is given a list of species for which girdling is 
recommended as likely to give the most satisfactory results. In- 
formation is insufficient to state the most favourable dates for girdling, 
but th^re are indications that the following will be satisfactory ; — 
Girdle in the cold weather 
Anogeissus latifolia. 
Anogeissus pendula. 
Grewia tilicefolia. 
Careya arhorea. 
Terminalia Arjuna. 
Terminalia tomentosa. 
Aegle Marmelos. 
Chloroxylon Swietenia.* 
Tectona grandis. 
Girdle at end of cold weather 
Girdle at any time 
(c) Treatment of logs after felling. 
The treatment of- logs after felling is a factor that works indepen- 
dently of the foregoing conditions and possibly admits of more practi- 
crd utilisation. It may be stated that where seasoning in the log 
i; contemplated, borer attack is preventable, fii'stly, by immediate 
removal of the bark. Unless the bark is present on the log, boi’ers 
of the following groups are unable to establish themselves: — longi- 
corn borers {Cerambijcidae and Lamndac); surface or sapwood borers 
{Curcnlionidae, Scohjtidae, Anthribidae, etc.); shot-hole borers 
{Platypodidae, Xyleborinac). There are. naturally, a few exceptions 
to the rule, e.g., some shot-hole borers can work in fresh moist sap- 
wooff and even in chan-ed logs ; the specially adapted dry-wood 
borers, e.g., Stromatium, and some Bostrychidae, begin to attack as 
the barked log dries nut. 
It is obvious, secondly, that damage by borers can be avoided 
by complete submergence in water during the dangerous periods of 
the year; and, thirdly, exposure to direct sunlight with frequent 
turning of logs, that will stand such drastic treatment, is equally 
effective in checking insect damage. 
Green conversion with or without previous removal of the bark 
confers immunity from attack by all the above-mentioned borers, 
provided the conversion is immediate, i.e., within a week or two of 
felling. In most of the records obtained in the present seasoning 
experiments, the data for borer-attack on planks and beams converted 
green represent attacks that commenced before conversion took place. 
Excluding the few instances of the work of dry-wood borers, it may 
be generally stated that green conversion supplies the best method 
of preventing damage by borers and that the subsequent treatment 
of the timber, i.e., vertical or horizontal stacking, immersion in water, 
shading or sun-drying, scarcely affects the question of further damage 
* TJnattacked in experiments, but safer to girdle during hot weather in South 
India. 
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