ARSINOITIIKRIUJM. 
40 
bovdev of this bone vans up and becomes continuous with the inferior edge of th(‘ 
cotylar notch, the other edge of which is continnous witli the antero-inferior border 
of the ischium, so that tlie notch actually o])ens into the upper end of the obturator 
foramen. The angle of the ischial tuberosity (is.t.) is nearly right ; the border 
of the bone behind the angle and the angle itself are covered by a roughened 
e])iphysial cap. The hinder border of the united ischia is. slightly concave, and the 
bones themselves are flattened near the angle and rounded near the symphysis. Tin* 
pnbis is a broader thin bar of bone ; it is slightly concave above and convex 
below ; it widens out towards the symphysis [sym.). The obturator foramen (o./*.) is 
an elongated oval, the outer end of which, as already noticed, is continuous with the 
cotylar notch. 
The pelvis of UintatJiennm differs from that just described in the following 
})oints : — (1) the crista illi is much more convex in outline; (2) the surfaces for 
the sacral vertebrae are much more prominent and strongly marked; (3) the symphysis 
is less massive and the obturator foramen is wider ; (4) the ischia and pubes are 
rather stouter and the ischial tuberosities are more developed ; (5) there is a deep 
fossa on the visceral surface nearly opposite the acetabulum, whereas in Arsinoitheritmi 
this is only slightly marked. 
In Elephas the form of the ilia is more like that described and figured, but the 
pubes and ischia, particularly the latter, are much ■wider, so that the symphysis 
is much longer and consists of di^stinct pubic and ischial portions united by a 
narrow bar. One result of this is, that the ischial portion of the pelvis projects 
much farther behind the acetabulum than in ArsinoitJterium. In Elephas also 
the sacral surfaces are better marked and the ischial tuberosities more prominent. 
The femur (text-fig. 28) is remarkable for the great antero-posterior compression 
of the shaft and for the flatness of its posterior face, the outer border of which forms 
a thin sharp edge. 
The head (A.) is very large and nearly hemispherical ; it looks upwards and 
somewhat outwards, and its ])osterior border is crossed by a deep groove for 
the Ugamentnm teres [n.l.t.). The great trochanter {(/-t.) is compressed antero- 
posteriorly, and does not rise so high as the head; its posterior face is slightly 
concave, while anteriorly it forms a considerable rugose prominence. The lesser 
trochanter [l.t.) is inconspicuous and close beneath the head. The shaft, as 
already mentioned, is extremely compressed from before backwards, and its posterior- 
surface is nearly flat. The anterior face is convex towards the, inner side, but 
externally it is nearly fiat and meets the posterior surface so as to form a thin 
sharp outer border, which, near its middle point, is slightly convex, the convexity 
being apparently the representative of the third trochanter : the inner border of 
the shaft is rounded. The condyles (/.c., o.c.), which are relatively small, are 
subequal and are separated by a narrow but deep fossa [i.n.). Above the condyles 
H 
