ANCODON GOKlilNGEr. 
179 
Ancodon gorringei, Andrews & Beadnell. 
[Plate XYIII. figs. 1, 2, 3; text-figs. 60, 61.] 
1902. Ancodus gorringei, Andrews & Beadnell, A Preliininaiy Note on some new Mammals from 
the Ujiper Eocene of Egypt (Survey Dept., Cairo), p. 7. 
Type Specimen. — A mandible wanting the ascending ramus of the left side 
(PI. XVIIl. figs. 1, 1 a); Geological Museum, Cairo. 
This is the larger of the two species found in these beds. The extreme length 
of the jaw exceeded 34 cm. ; the length of the symphysis 9 cm. ; length of the molar 
series 7'2 cm. Remains are fairly common, and, in addition to the lower jaw and 
dentition, the iipper molars and premolars, some vertebrae, limb-bones, and tarsals 
are known. 
Form. ^ Log. — Fluvio-marine beds (Upper Eocene) ; north of Birket-el-Qurun. 
C. 8629. Mandible, wanting ascending ramus on left side. On the left side only the molars are 
preserved, but on the right there are also i. 1, i. 3, pm. 2, pm. 3, and jom. 4; 2 and c. 
are represented by their alveoli only, pm. 1 by its broken base. Type specimen 
described by Andrews and Beadnell, loc. cit. Figured on PI. XVIII. figs. 1, 1 a. 
This mandible is very long, owing mainly to the great elongation of the spout-like 
symphysis (sgm.), the upper surface of which is gently concave from side to side, while 
the ventral surface is convex in the same direction wdth a slight median ridge, which 
forms a small projection posteriorly. This form of the ventral surface of the symphysis 
differs considerably from that seen in A. velaunus, in which not only is this region 
somewhat shorter, but the posterior portion of the ventral surface is flattened in front 
and concave behind. The horizontal ramus is slender ; its ventral border, which is 
thickened and rounded from side to side, is neaidy straight from before backwards 
beneath the premolars and slightly convex beneath the molars. Behind this the ventral 
edge thins and is slightly concave, and then passes down into the rounded angle of 
the jaw, which does not form a vertical process projecting considerably below tin; 
rest of the mandible as in some species, e. g. A. hovinus and A. aymardi. The outer 
face of the horizontal ramus beneath the premolars is concave from above downwards, 
beneath the molars it is flat or slightly convex ; its greatest de[)th is beneath the last 
molar. Behind the last molar the rami diverge rapidly. The anterior border of the 
ascending ramus is coTivex and slopes back to the summit of the coronoid process {cor.), 
the posterior border of which is slightly concave ; it rises considerably above the level 
of the condyle (co7ul.), which is transversely elongated and is convex from before 
backwards and nearly flat from side to side. The posterior region of this mandible is 
imperfectly preserved. 
The incisors are procumbent: i. 1 is the smallest; k 2, here w^anting, was probably 
the largest ; i. 3 has a small hastate crowm, the lower face of which is strongly convex, 
the upper flat or gently concave ; the root is relatively very large. The canine 
(rejtresented by the alveolus only) is separated in trout from i. 3 by a short diastema 
(•8 cm.) and behind from prn. 1 by a longer interval (2‘2 cm.). Pm. 1 is re})resented 
2 A 2 
