310 
^TJiTIA7^Y VEKTEBIiATA OF THE FATIjM. 
a, rid^c runs downwards and forwards to the base of the anterior zygapopliyses (see 
]’L XXVI. tig. 4-15). These ])rocesses, which may perhaps be described as enormously 
developed ana]io])]iyses, are present, though of very small size, in some of the vertebrae 
of Pahrophis. The genus was founded by Lucas for the rece])tion of the species 
]*. schncherti, a large snake from the Eocene of Alabama, where it occurs associated 
with remains of Zeuglodons. In the Eocene of Egypt, also, there is one species, 
likewise associated with the remains of ZenglodoiK 
Fterosplienus scliweinfurtlii (Andrews). 
[hlate XXVI. figs. 4-6.] 
]1)()1. Ma’nophis schwchifurtJn, C. AVh Andrews, Geol. Mag. [4] vol. viii. p. 4.38, fig. 2. 
Tijpe Specimen . — A dorsal vertebra (PI. XXVI. fig. 4) ; Geological Museum, Cairo. 
This species is distinguished from P. selmcherti by having the posterior face of the 
neural arch above the zyga}itrum considerably more expanded, so that the free portions 
of the post('i'o-lateral pi'ocesses aie shorter. 
Form. cO Iajc. — Qasr-ei-Sagha beds (Middle Eocene): north of Birket-el-Qurun. 
The vertebrae of this species occur in great numbers scattered along the Middle 
Eocene escarpment, hut only in very rare cases are even two found united or so 
situated that they may be reasonably supposed to belong to the same animal. 
'I’he prococlous centrum is considerably elongated, and is about as wide as it is 
higli ; the anterior cup is deep aud nearly circular in outline, except beneath the 
neural canal, where its border is straight; the j^nsterior convexity is nearly hemi- 
spherical. On the ventral surface there is a strong median hypapophysial ridge {hyp.), 
usually produced into two forwardly and downwardly directed processes, one situated 
close to the anterior end of the centrum, the other near the middle. The transverse 
processes {t.pi.) are short and situated ventro-laterally on the anterior end of the 
centrum, below which they project considerably ; their outer ends bear the vertically 
elongated convex surtaces for the ribs, looking downwards and outwards. Erom the 
[)osition of the rib-facets it ap]5ears that the body must have been laterally compressed 
to a considerable degree. ITom the u}iper ends of the transverse processes a ridge 
runs upwards and forwards to the anterior angles of the prezygapophyses {a.z.), 
which project considerably in front of the centrum ; their oval articular facets are a 
little below the level of the floor of the neural canal, and look upwards and a little 
backwards. The articular surfaces of the zygosphene [zs.) are almost ])arallel with 
those of the prezygapophyses ; they are borne on the ventral face of two })rominent 
processes, the upper edges of which unite to foru) the anterior border of tlie neural 
spine. 'I'he })Ostzygapophyses {p.^-) look downwards and a little forwards, their 
surfaces being about on a level Avith the top of the centrum. The zygantrum [za.) 
