INTRODUCTION. 
IX 
Table showing Succession and Classification of Strata in the Fayum. 
(Slightly nioclillcd from tho Table given by Mr. Benelnell iu his Report on the Topography and Geology of Fayiitn I’rfivirce, pp. 3-l-3.’3.) 
Approximate 
average thickness 
in metres, north 
paro of Fayum. 
RECENT 
and 
PLEISTOCENE. 
Alluvial soil, clays, sands, &c. 
Blown sand. 
Lacustrine clays extending to 23 metres above sea-level (a in Section). 
1 1 
MIDDLE 
PLIOCENE. 
50 
Gravel terraces (? Pleistocene). 
Shell-boring on rock-surfaces. 
Fossiliferous deposits of Sidinant. 
LOWER 
OLIGOCENE. 
Tongrian. 
30 
Fluvio-marine Beds {Jehel-el-Q<itram Beds). — Sandstones and sandstone-grits witli ; 
silicitied trees. (2 iu Section.) 
Basalt sheets, interbedded and contemporaneous. (3 in Section.) 
UPPER 
EOCENE. 
Bartonian. 
250 
Fluvio-marine Series (4 in Section). — Y^ariegated sands, sandstones, clays, and 
marls, with limestone-grits and thin bands of limestone. In the lower beds of 
this Series are large numbers of silicified trees associated with vertebrate remains, 
including: — Arsinoitheriiim zitteh, A. andrewsi, Sar/liatJwmm antiqmim, S. minus, 
S. magnum, S. majus, MeyaloTiyrax eocoenus, M. minor, Faleromastodon beadneUi, 
P. wintoni, F. parvus, P. minor, Mceritherium (?) lyonsi, M. triyonodon, Phiomia 
serridens, Aticodon yorrinyei, A. parvus, A. sp., Bhayathermm eryypAiacum, 
Geniohi/us minis, G. fajumensis, G. major, Hycrnodon sp., Pterodon cij'ricanus, 
Apterodoii macroynathus, Sinopa etliiopica, Eremopezus eocoenus, Crocodilus articeps, 
0. meyarhinus, Tomistorna yavialoides, Testudo ammon, T. headnelli, T. isis, 
Stereoyenys lihyca, Podocnemis fajumensis, P. hlanclcenliorni \\A\\ var. ovata, Pelo- 
medusa proyaleatn, Aetobatis sp. 
1 
j 
MIDDLE 
EOCENE. 
Parisian. 
UpI'ER Mokattam. 
155 
Qasr-el-Sayha Series (Carolia Beds) (5 in Section). — Alternating limestones, marls, 
days, and sandstones. The vertebrate remains include : — Moeritlierium lyonsi, 
M. yracile, Barytherium yrave, Eosh'en libyca, Zeuylodon osiris, Crocodilus sp., 
Tomistorna africanum, Psepihopliorus eoceenus, Thalassochelys libyca, Podocnemis 
antiqua, P. stromeri and var. major, Stereoyenys cromeri, S. podocnemioides, 
Giyantopliis yarstini, Pterosjdienus schweinfurflii, Fajurnia schweinfurthi,Socnopo>a 
yrandis, Prisiis fajurnensis, P. inyens, Eoqirisiis reinachi, Propristis schweinfurihi, 
Myliobatis sp., Garcharodon sp. 
.<- 
1 H 
H 
o 
50 
Birlcet-el-Qurun Series t^Opiercidina-Nummulite Beds) (6 in Section). — Sandstones 
and clays, with sandy limestones and one or more well-marked concretionary 
sandstones weathering into large globular masses. The chief vertebrate fossils 
are : — Eocetvs sclnveinfurthi, Prozeuylodon atro.v, and (?) Zeuylodon isis, Tomistorna 
Icerimense, Saurocephalus fajumensis, Enchodus sp., Coelorhy nchus s]>., Proyym- 
nodon hilyendorji, a Polypterid fish, Oxyrldna spp., ? sp., Lamna verticalis, 
L. sp., (?) Odontaspis aschersoni, Odontaspis spp., Garcharodon sp., Ilemipristis i 
cw-vatus, Galeocerdo ceyyptiacus, Alopiopsis sp., Aprionodon frequens, Priono- 
don sp., Carcharias spji., Propristis scJnveinfurthi, (?) Eoqiristis reinachi, 
Amblypristis cheops, Myliobatis lutidens, M. fraasi, M. dixoni, M. acutus, 
M. oweni, M. spp. 
70 
Ravine Beds (7 iu Section). — White marls and marly limestones with remains of 
large Zeuglodons and scales and teeth of fishes. 
130 
Wadi Rayan Series {Nummulites yizehensis Beds). — Limestones, marls, clays, &c. 
