118 
TERTIAET VEETEBEATA OF THE FATCM. 
foramen, 1)ut tlierc is a dec]) fossa lying between the condyle and the olecranon fossa [o. f.), 
which also is very deej). The outer condyle is comparatively small ; from it the edge 
of the hone is continued up as a narrow hackwardly directed flange, wliicli dies away 
just below the niiddlc of the shaft; distally this ridge forms the outer border of the 
oh'cranon fossa, and higher up the sharp outer border of the expanded distal end of 
the hone, which above the olecranon fossa is strongly concave from side to side. The 
edge also is in ])art the equivalent of the supinator ridge, and the large development 
of this and of the inner condyle indicates that the limb was capable of extensive 
movements of pronation and su])ination not found in the more specialised Ungulates. 
The distal articulation is divided into an outer and an inner lobe by a shallow 
depression; above the outer trochlea the front of the bone is occupied by a well- 
marked coronoid fossa (c./‘.). 
The proximal end only of the ulna is known (PI. XI. fig. 7). The olecranon process 
[ol.) is large, thickened at the extremity, and rises high above the articulation ; it is not 
directed backwards to any great extent, but merely continues upwards the long axis 
of the shaft. The sigmoid notch is deejfly concave, the upper part of the articulation 
being considerably prolonged forwards. The lower portion of the humeral surface is 
deeply bilohate ; the radius seems to have been in contact with the outer lobe only. 
Beneath the articulation on the anterior face of the bone towards the outer side there 
is a deep depression (r.) for the radius. 
Iliiid Limh. — 'i'he pehh (PI. XI. tigs. 9, 9 a ; text-fig. 68, D) differs widely from 
that of the later Prohoscidea, owing mainly to the narrowness of the ilium. The 
crista i/ii {c.i.) is short and almost at right angles to the sacral and acetabular 
borders, which are parallel with one another. The outer angle of the crista forms a 
blunt projection. The sacral surface is very long, extending over the anterior three- 
fourths of the sacral border ; it is gently convex from above downwards, and from its 
position and autero-posterior extent it shows that the long axis of the ilium is nearly 
parallel with that of the vertebral column. The acetabular border is gently concave 
in its anterior two-thirds ; ])osteriorly it seems to divide on either side a strongly 
marked pit t^for the rectus fonoris muscle) lying immediately above and in front 
of the rim of the acetabulum. The gluteal surface is slightly concave from 
side to side ; the pelvic (inner) surface is nearly flat. On the ventro-internal face 
of the ilium is a prominence (ileo-pectineal), from which there runs back a ridge 
continuous with the anterior border of the pubis The acetabulum («.) is 
horseshoe-shaped, the very prominent raised rim being interrupted postero-inferiorly 
by a wide notch, which leads into the large pit for the ligament, and opens 
externally on the surface of the ischium. ’VXm jnihis (pu.) is for the most |)art broken 
away in all the specimens examined : this seems to be the consequence of the 
slenderness of the free portion of this bone. The ischium {is,) is much stouter and 
