EOSIREN LIBTCA. 213 
hfcmal ridpjc ; the transverse processes or sacral ribs (s.r.) are very large, exj)anding 
considerably towards their outer ends, which are truncated by a flat surface looking 
downwards and outwards, probably for connection with the ilium. 
Several caudal vertebrae (PI. XX. fig. 5) are present. In these the anterior face of 
the centrum is nearly as high as wide, while in the case of the posterior face the 
width is the greatest. The neural arch and spine are low, and both anterior (a.z.) and 
posterior zygapophyses well developed. The transverse processes are broad, short, 
and somewhat downwardly directed. The posterior border of the ventral side of the 
centrum bears a pair of facets for a chevron-bone. 
Fore Limh. — The scapula (PI. XX. fig. 3) is of a very primitive Sirenian type, and 
very nearly resembles that of Ilalitherium {Prototherium) veronense figured by Zigno 
(Mem. 1st. Veneto d. Sci. vol. xxi. (1880) pi. iv. fig. 1). The blade is strongly 
curved backwards, the upper border being drawn out into a tongue-shaped prolongation. 
In the middle the width is much greater than towards the ends, owing to the strong 
convexity of the coracoid border [c.h.). The postscapular fossa is narrow and of nearly 
uniform width throughout, the prescapular fossa is very wide, the subscapular surface 
is quite flat. The spine {sp.) is low and dies away above some distance from the supra- 
scapular border. Towards the lower end its base terminates about 2‘5 cm. above the 
glenoid cavity, while its upper border is produced into a short acromion process 
directed downwards and backw’ards, but not reaching nearly to the level of the glenoid 
cavity. The coracoid process {cor.) is fairly prominent, more so than in Halitherium 
veronense, and its extremity is sharply truncated by a somewdiat concave surface for 
the attachment of a muscle. The glenoid cavity {(jl.) is comparatively large ; it is oval 
in outline and is produced somewhat forwards and downwards on to the base of the 
coracoid prominence ; its direction is more oblique to the axis of the scapula than in 
11. veronense. 
Comparison with the scapulae described and figured by Abel {op. cif. supra, 
pp. 164-68, pi. ii.) show^s that in its small size, in the narrowness and curvature 
of the blade, in the small size of the coracoid process (larger, how^ever, than in 
11. veronense), in the approximation of the lower end of the spine to the glenoid cavity, 
and in the form of the latter, this bone is primitive, as might be expected from the 
age of the deposits in wdiich it is found. 
The humerus is known only from a young specimen wanting the proximal 
epiphyses, and from the very imperfect proximal and distal ends of adult bones. In 
the most nearly complete specimen figured on PI. XX. fig. 7, both the greater 
{g.t.) and lesser {l.t.) tuberosities are w'ell developed, and there is a well-marked 
bicipital groove {h.g.). The deltoid crest {d.) is prominent and is continuous in the 
middle of the shaft with a strong ridge which runs up to the inner angle of the 
greater tuberosity. The trochlea {tr.) is somewdiat oblique, and both the coronoid and 
olecranon fossae are deep, though there is no supratrochlear perforation. The inner 
