COM CON 
CON CON 
cordifolia . . . Parpfe , j6, G. Ev. S. N. Roll. . 1822 
ericmii .... Purple . 6, G. Ev. S. N. Roll. . 1822 
gracilis . . . .Blue . . 4, G. De. Tw. Au.'.tralia . 1834 
CoMFREY, see Slmphytum. 
CoMMEi.iNA, Linn. In honour of J. and G. Commelin, 
famous Dutch botanists. Linn. 3, Or. 1, Nat. Or. 
Commelinacea. Some of the plants of this genus 
are very handsome ; the stove kinds grow freely in 
a mixture of sandy loam and peat, and are increased 
by divisions or seeds. The hardy kinds thrive in 
common garden soil, and are increased by offsets 
from the roots, or by seeds ; the annual species 
require the same treatment as other hardy and 
tender annuals. 
africana . . . Blue . . 7, G. Ev. Tr. C. G. H. . 1759 
angustifolia . .Blue . . 6, F. Ev. Tr. Carolina . 1827 
beng-altnMS . . Blue . . 6, S. Ev. Tr. Bengal . . 1794 
Cajennensis . . Blue . . 6, S. Ev. Tr. Guiana . . 1823 
caripensis . .Blue . , 6, S. Her. P. Trinidad . 1826 
caroliniand . . Pur. blue . H. Ev. Tr. America . 1732 
coEles'-is . . .Blue . .6,8. Her.P. . 1813 
communis . . Pur. blue . 6, H. A. America . 1732 
ciicullata . . . Blue . . 7. G. A. Brazil . . 1825 
cyanea . . . Blue . . 7, G. Ev. Tr. N. HolL . 1820 
deficlens . . .Blue . . 8, 8. Ev. Tr. Brazil . . 1823 
dianthifolld . . Blue . . 7, 8. Tw. P. . 1816 
dubia .... Blue . . 6, 8. Ev. Tr. . 18.18 
erecta .... Blue . . 8, H. Her. P. Virginia . 1782 
fasciciilata . . Blue . . 6, H. Her. P. Lima . . 1817 
gracilis . . .Blue . . 7. G. Her.P. Lima . .1830 
hirteUa . . .Blue . . 6, H. Her. P. N. Amer. . 1820 
longicaulls . . Blue . . 8, 8. Ev. Tr. Caraccas . 1806 
mollis . . . .Blue . .8,8. Ev. Tr. Caraccas . 1804 
obliqna . . .Blue . .6,8. Ev. Tr. . 1820 
pallida . . . Blue . . 6, 8. Ev. Tr. Trinidad . 1820 
parviflora . . . Blue . . 6, 8. Ev. Tr. . 1824 
polVgama . . .Blue . .6,8. Ev. Tr. Cliina . .1818 
tuberosa . . .Blue . .6,8. Her.P. Mexico. . 1732 
virginica . . .Blue . . 6, H. Ev. Tr. Virginia .1779 
CoMMERSONiA, Fori<er. In honour of Philibert Com- 
merson, M.D., a French botanist and traveller, who 
died in 1774. Linn. 5, Or. 5, Nat. Or. Sterculiacece. 
These ornamental shrubs thrive well in a mixture 
of peat and loam, and cuttings of the ripened wood 
will root readily in sand, under a glass, in heat, 
echinata . . . White . . 8. Ev. 8. Moluccas . 1820 
platj-phyllS . . White . . 6, 8. Ev. 8. Moluccas . 1806 
Comminuted, pulverised, pounded. 
CoMOCTiADiA, P. Browne. From kome, a tuft, and klados, 
a branch ; the leaves being crowded at the tops of 
the branches. Linn. 3, Or. 1, Nat. Or. Anacar- 
diacece. Ornamental trees, from fifteen to twenty 
feet high, succeeding well in a mixture of peat and 
loam, or any light rich soil ; ripened cuttings will 
root in sand, under a glass, in heat, 
denfata .... Red . . 7» S. Ev. 8. W. Ind. . 1790 
ilicifOlia . . .Red . . 8.Ev. 8. Caribbee Is. 1789 
integrifolla . . . Red . . 8. Ev. 8. Jamaica . 1778 
Compact, close, crowded. 
CoMPARETTiA, Poppig and Endlicher. Named after 
Andreas Compafetti, professor at Padua, and an 
eminent writer upon vegetable physiology. Linn. 
20, Or. 1, Nat. Or. Orchidaceae. This is a splendid 
but a very rare genus of plants, well worth cul- 
tivating for the brilliant colour of the flowers, and 
their very curious structure. They will be found 
to succeed well potted in good fibrous peat, and 
the pots efficiently drained w’ith broken potsherds, 
which should be carried up the centre of the peat. 
The plants should be raised above the pot according 
to their size, in the same way as the Stanhopeas. 
cocclnea .... Scarlet . . 8, 8. Epi. Brazil . . 1838 
CoMPLANATE, flattened. 
Complicate, folded together. 
Compound, used in botany to expiess the union of 
several things into one. 
Compressed, pressed together, flattened. 
CoMPTONiA, Banks. In honour of Henry Compton, 
Lord Bishop of London, an ardent cultivator of 
exotics. Linn. 21, Or. 3, Nat. Or. Myricacece. A 
pretty shrub, growing about four feet high in light 
sandy loam or peat soil ; increased by layers, 
asplenifolia . . Brown . 4, H. De. 8. N. Amer. . 1714 
CoNANTHERA, Ruiz et Pavon. From konos, a cone, 
and anthera, an anther ; the anthers being united 
into a cone. Linn. 6, Or. 1, Nat. Or. Liliaceas. A 
pretty genus of bulbs, growing best in light sandy 
185 1 
loam ; increased by offsets. Synonyme : 1. C. 
bifolia. 
bifOlIu .... Blue . . 4, G. Bu. P. Cliile . .1823 
Slmsu, 1 . . . Blue . . 4, G. Bu. P. Cliile . . 1823 
Concave, hollow. 
Concentric, points, or lines, at equal distances from 
a common centre. 
Concrete, formed into one mass, joined together. 
CoNDALiA, Cavanilles. In honour of A. Condal, a 
Spanish botanist. Linn. 5, Or. 1, Nat. Or. Rham- 
naceas. A curious plant, growing about two feet 
high ; cultivated in any common soil, and increased 
by cuttings. Synonytne ; ]. Zizyphus myrtoides. 
micropliylla, 1 . Green . . F. Ev. 8. Chile . . 1824 
Condensate, bundled, growing close. 
CoNDYLocARPus, Hqffhian. F rom kondyle, a knob, and 
karpos, fruit; in allusion to the fiuit. Linn. 5, 
Or. 2, Nat. Or. Umbellifera. Worthless weeds, of 
the simplest culture. Synonymes: 1. Tordyliutn 
apulum. 2. T. humile. 3. T. officinale — apulmn 1, 
humile 2, officinale 3. 
Cone, a particular kind of compound fruit. 
CoNFERRUMiNATE, United together so as to be undis- 
tinguishable. 
Conferva, Agardh. Derived from the Latin con- 
ferrumino, to consolidate ; because of the close 
coherence. Linn. 24, Or. 7, Nat. Or. Algae. A 
very extensive and interesting genus of Alga, found 
chiefly in the ocean, lakes, pools, ditches, &c 
agagrSpild, arSa, arnginOsd, alpind, urctd, usperd, 
bombycind, BrOwnii, capilluris, earned, catendtd, 
colldbens, congregdtd, crdssd, crispdtd, cfcrtd, dis- 
siliens, distdns, ericetordm, fascidtd, ferruginid, 
Jldccd,Jldccidd,Jlavescens,JloccOsd, fruetd, fucOrdm, 
glomerdtd, heterOchlOd, hormotdes, Hutchinsia, im- 
plSxd, intriedtd, isogond,lanosd, linfim,melctg6nium, 
mucosum, pdtens, P. prolfird, pellucidd, refrdetd, 
ripdrid, rivuldris, R. dnglicd, rupestris, sericid, 
stelldris, tortuosd, tumldfild, vaucheriafdrmls, vesi- 
edtd, V. fuscSscBns, Youngdnd, zondtd. 
Confluent, running into one another at the base or 
apex. 
CoNGLUTiNATE, glued together into one mass. 
Conical, shaped like a cone. 
CoNicALi.Y-suBULATE, between cone and awl-shaped, 
thickest at the base. 
CoNico-CYi.iNURicAL, form of a cylinder, but tapering 
to a point. 
CoNico-suBULATE, awl-shaped and conical, tapering 
to a point. 
Conic-ovate, between egg-shaped and conical. 
Conjugate, joined in pairs ; chiefly applied to leaves. 
CoNiuM. Derived, according to Linnaeus, from konis, 
dust or powder; the application of the term is not 
evident. Linn. 5, Or. 2, Nat. Or. Umbellifera. 
The annual species of this genus merely require 
sowing in the open ground in autumn ; the stove 
species delights in a rich mould, and is increased 
by dividing the roots. In the south of Europe C. 
maculutum is a dangerous poison, while in Russia 
and the Crimea it is innocuous and eatable. 
croStlcum . . . White . . 7, H. Her. P. Hungary . 1818 
maculatum . . White . . 6, H. B. Britain 
moschatum . . White. . 6, 8. Fu. P. 8. Amer. . 1824 
C5NNABU9, Linn. From coiinaros, the name of a tree 
described by Athenaeus. Linn. 16, Or. 6, Nat. Or. 
Connaracea. The species of this genus are orna- 
mental plants, growing from six to eight feet high ; 
they succeed best in a mixture of peat and loam, 
and increase by cuttings of the ripened wood in 
sand, under a gl?.ss, in heat, 
nitidus .... Wh te . . 8. Ev. 8. Silhet . . 1824 
panic-ulatus . . White . . Ev. 8. Chittagong 1824 
pubesefins . . . White . . S. Ev. S. Guiana . . 1822 
CoNNATUS, joined together at the base. 
Conniving, converging, lying close together. 
CoNOCARPus, Linn. From konos, a cone, and karpos, 
a fruit ; the fruit is so closely imbricated in a head 
as to resemble a fir cone. Linn. 5, Or. 1, Nat. Or. 
Combretacea. Ornamental shrubs. For culture and 
propagation, see Bucida. The bark of C. racemosus 
is much used in Rio Janeiro for tanning. 
acutifdUhs . . . Pa. vel. . 8. Ev. 8. 8. Amer. . 1824 
erectus .... White . . 8. Ev. 8. Jamaica . 1752 
procumb^ns . • Pa. yel. . 8. Ev. 8. Cuba . . i/iJO 
racemosus . . . White . . 8. Ev. 8. 8. Amer. . 1820 
