fol fra 
FRA FRA 
Or. Myrtacex. An ornamental tree, about twenty- 
five feet high; it requires a turfy loam, mixed 
with a little peat, and ripened cuttings will soon 
root if planted in sand, under a glass, in heat, 
mauritlana . . . Wliite . . S. Ev. T. Maurit. . . 1825 
Fomaceous, having the texture of leaves. 
Foliate; when a leaf is divided into leaflets, it is 
called 1, 2, 3, 5, or 10-foliate, according to the 
number of leaflets. 
Follicle, a particular kind of two-valved seed-vessel, 
such as that of Paeony. 
Foi.licular, like a follicle. ^ 
Fontanesia, Labillardiere. In honour of the cele- 
brated Desfontaines, professor of botany at Paris. 
Linn. 2, Or. 1, Nat Or. Oleacece. If this very orna- 
mental species is planted out in the open ground, 
it will require a little protection in severe weather. 
It thrives well in any common soil, and may be 
easily increased by layers, or cuttings, under a 
glass. 
pbillyraeoldes . . Yellow . 8, F. De. S. Syria . . 1787 
FoNTt.HALis, Linn. From fans, a fountain ; alluding 
to the place of growth. Linn. 24, Or. 5, Nat. Or. 
Musci. Greenish-looking plants, most conspicuous 
in the summer season. F. antipyretica is very 
common, floating in large masses in rivers and 
pools of wa-ter— antipyretica, capilldced, squamSsd. 
Fools’ parsley, see JE,ihusd. 
Footstalks, the stalks of leaves, &c. 
Forficatus, pince, or nipper-shaped. 
Formosa, handsome, ornamental. 
Fornicate, arched. 
Forskahlia, Linn. In honour of Peter Forskahl, a 
traveller in Egypt. Linn. 21, Or. 6, Nat. Or. Ur- 
ticacex. Curious little plants, somewhat resem- 
bling the nettle. F. Candida thrives well in any 
light rich soil, and cuttings root readily in the 
same kind of soil, under a glass. The annual 
kinds require to be sown in a gentle hotbed, and 
when of sufficient size, transplanted into the open 
ground. 
anffiistifOUa . . Wht. gm. 7, H. A. TenerifFe . 1779 
Candida . . . VVht. grn. 7, G. Her. P. C. G. H. . 1774 
tenaclssima . . Wht grn. 7> H. A. Egypt . . 1767 
Fothergilla, Linn. In memory of John Fothergill, 
M.D., an eminent physician of London, and patron 
of botany. Linn. 13, Or. 2, Nat. Or. Hamamelacea. 
Beautiful shrubs when in leaf and flower, growing 
from three to six feet high, and bearing pretty, 
white, sweet-scented flowers. In the shrubbery, 
they thrive well in a peat soil, and may be in- 
creased by layers in spring or autumn, or by seed, 
which is annually imported from America. Syno- 
nonymes: 1. F. Gardeni. 2. F. major. 
alnifdlU . . . White . . 5, H. De. S. N. Amer. . 1765 
acuta, 1 . . . White . . 6, H. De. S. N. Amer. . 1765 
obtusa, 2 . • White . . 6, H. De. S. N. Amer. . 1765 
serotlnS . , . Wliite . . 8, H. De. S. N, Amer. . 1765 
of piu 
Foveolje, little pits, or hollows. 
Foxbane, see Acnnitum Vulpdrid. 
Foxglove, see Digitalis. 
Fox-tail grass, see AlopecdrUs. 
Fragaria, Linn. From /ragrana, fragrant ; the per- 
fumed fruit of the strawberry is well known. Linn. 
12, Or. 1, Nat. Or. Rosaceas. The cultivation and 
propagation of this plant is so familiar to every one, 
as are also the wholesomeness and deliciousness of 
the fruit, that neither need be particularised here 
any further than that seeds, sown early in spring, 
will generally fruit the same year very late in 
autumn. Synonyms : 1. grandiflora. 
bonariensis . . Apetal . 6, H. Her. P. B. Ayres. . 
Bresllngli . . . White . 5, H. Her. P. France . . 
calycina, 1 . . . AVhito . 4, H. Her. P. France . . 
canadensis . . . White . 5, H. Her. P. N. Amer. . 
chilensis . . . White . 5, H. Her. P. S. Amer. . 1727 
colling .... White . 6, H. Her. P. Cfermany . 1768 
elatidr .... White . 5, H. Her. P. Britain . . 
grandiflorS . . .White . 5, H. Her. P. Surinam . 1759 
IndIcA .... Yellow . 7, H. Her. Cr. India . . 1805 
maiatifta ‘. . . White . 5, H. Her. P. France . . 
monophyllA . . White . 6, H. Her. P. . 1773 
platanoides . . Red . . 5, H. Her. P. N. Amer. . 
vescA .... ^Vhite . 5, H. Her. P. Britain . . 
1 virginiAnA . . . White . 4, H. Her. P. N. Amer. . 1629 
L 135 ] 
Fragillaria, Lyngbye. Vxorafragilis, brittle ; allud - 
ing to the nature of the plants. Linn. 24, Or. 7, 
Nat. Or. Algce. Green and brown tufts of Algos, 
found in rivulets and watery places^— /ti/ema/is, 
pectindlis. 
Franciscea, Pohl. In honour of Francis, emperor 
of Austria, a patron of botany. Linn. 14, Or. 2, 
Nat. Or. Scrophulariaceas. An ornamental dwarfish 
shrub, requiring a mixture of peat and loam. 
Cuttings root in sand, under a glass, in heat. Sy- 
nonyme: 1. F. Hopeana. 
uniflorA, 1 . . . Wht. pur. 7, S. Ev. S. Brazil . . 1826 
Francoa. Cavanilles named this genus after F. 
Franco, a Valencian promoter of botany in the 
sixteenth century. Linn. 8, Or. 4, Nat. Or. Fran- 
coacecB. Beautiful plants when in flower, and 
well worthy a place in every collection. They 
may be planted out in the open ground, in a warm 
sheltered situation, with a slight protection in 
severe w'eather. They can only be increased by 
seeds. 
appendiculatA . . Purple . 7, H. Her. P. Chile . . 1830 
ramosA .... White . . 7, H. Her. P. Chile . . 1831 
sonchifdllA. . .Purple . 7, H. Her. P. Chile . .1830 
FrankenTa. Named by Linnaeus in honour of John 
Frankenius, professor of botany at Upsal, who died 
in 1661. Linn. 6, Or. 1, Nat. Or. Frankeniaceae. 
Truly beautiful, little evergreen shrubs, or herbs. 
The hardy kinds are particularly well adapted for 
ornamenting rock-work, or they may be grown in 
small pots, and placed among the alpine plants. 
The greenhouse species should be placed on the 
front shelf in winter. All the species grow well 
in loam, peat, and sand, with the pots well drained ; 
they are easily increased by cuttings planted in 
sand, under a glass, by seeds, or divisions of the 
roots. Synonymes: 1. hispida. hirsuta. 
corymbosA . . . Red . . 7, H. Ev. Tr. Barbary . 1819 
ericifOlIA . . . Red . , 7, G. Ev. Tr. Canaries . 1816 
hirsiUA, 1 . . .Li. blue . 7, H. Ev. Tr. Siberia . .1789 
intermedia, 2 . . White . 7, H. Ev. Tr. S. Eur. . . 1817 
lavis .... Flesh . 7, H. Ev. Cr. England 
mollis . . . . Red . . 7, H. Ev. Tr. Caucasus . 1824 
nodiflorA . . .Flesh . 6, G. Ev. Tr. C. G. H. .1818 
NothrlA . . . Flesh . 7, H. Ev. Cr. C. G. H. . 1816 
pauciflOrA . . . Pink . . 7, G. Ev. S. N. HoU. . 1824 
pulverulentA . . Red . . 7, H. Tr. A. England . 
Frankincense, see Pintis Tdedd. 
Franzeria, Cavanilles. In honour of Antony Franzer, 
a botanist. Linn. 21, Or. 6, Nat. Or. Compositas. 
Greenhouse shrubs of no interest. They grow in 
peat and loam, and may be increased by cuttings — 
ambrosioldes, artemisiuides. 
Frasera. Michaux dedicated this genus in honour 
of John Fraser, an indefatigable collector of North 
American plants. Linn. 4, Or. 1, Nat. Or. Gen- 
iianaceoe. A very curious little plant, found in 
the morasses of North America, and successfully 
cultivated in peat soil, and increased by seeds, or 
divisions. The root of this plant is a pure and 
excellent bitter. Synonyme : 1. Walteri. 
carolinensis, 1 . Gm. yel. . 7, H. P. Carolina . 1795 
Fraxinvs, Linn. From phraxis, a separation; the 
wood is used in making hedges. Linn. 23, Or. 2, 
Nat. Or. Oleaceas. Most of the species are large- 
growing trees, well suited for plantations. F. 
excelsior is one of the most useful of our native 
timber trees; its wood is much used by coach- 
makers, wheelwrights, and for many implements 
used in husbandry. Any of the kinds may be in- 
creased by budding or grafting on the common ash, 
but they are most frequently raised from seeds, 
which do not vegetate till the second year. The 
bark of several of the species yields a concrete dis- 
charge called manna, which is a sweet eind gentle 
purgative. Synonymes: 1. discolor. 2. crispa. 3. 
simplicifolia. 4. nigra. 
aciiminatA . . . Green . . 5, H. De. T. N. Amer. . 1723 
alba Green . . 5, H. De. T. N. Amer. . 1823 
amarlssImA . . Green . . 5, H. De. T. 
americanA ... Green . .5, H. De. T. N. Amer. . 1723 
appendIcA . . . Green . . 5, H. De. T. 
appendiculAtA . . Green . . 5, H. De. T. 
argenteA . . . Green . . 6, H. De. T. Corsica . . 1825 
atrovlrens . . . Green . . 6, H. De. S. Britain . 
carolinianA ... Green . .6. H. De. T. N. Amer. . 1783 
cingrSA .... Green . . 5, H. De. T. N. Amer. . 1824 
