LIN LIN 
This elepant little plant is not only a native of the 
land which gave hirth to Linnaeus, but also of Lap- 
land, Norway, Russia, Germany, Switzerland, 
Savoy, Siberia, &c. In Scotland, the plant was 
first found in an old fir-wood at Inglismaldie, on 
the borders of M earns -shire, in 1795, and since then 
in several similar situations in the highlands of 
Scotland. In North America, it has been found in 
a number of districts, hut most plentiful in Canada. 
It should be grown in a peat border, in a sha(^ 
situation, where it will grow and flower freely. It 
will also grow luxuriantly in large pots, filled with 
peat earth ; it is easily increased by separating the 
creeping stems when rooted. The American plants 
are commonly stronger than the European ones, 
bore&lis .... Flesh . . 6, H. Ev. Tr. Scotland . 
LIO LIR 
trigynum . . . Yellow . 6, G. Ev. S. E. Ind. . . 1799 
usitatls4mum . Blue . . 6, H. A. Britain . . 
viscosum . . . Purple . 7, H. Her. P. S. Eur. . ’. 1818 
virginianum . . Yellow . 7, H. Her. P. N. Amer. . 1807 
cathartlcum, nodiflOrvm. 
Lion’s-ear, see LeonOtis. 
Lion’s-foot, see Leontopddifim. 
Lion’s I.EAF, see LeGntice Leontop^tuldn 
Lion’s-taii,, see LeonOtis LeonOrns. 
Lip, the lower petal of any irregular flower. 
Liparia, Linn. From liparos, brilliant in allusion 
to the shining surface of the leaves. Linn. 14, Or. 
10, Nat. Or. Leguminosie. Rather an ornamental 
plant, and requires to be treated the same as Priest- 
leyn. 
sph&rica . . . Orange . 7, G Ev. S. C. G. H. . 1794 
Linociera, Swartz. In honour of G. Linocier, a 
French physician. Linn. 2, Or. 1, Nat. Or. Oleacece. 
These plants are not possessed of much beauty. 
They grow well in sandy loam and peat, and are 
increased by cuttings in sand, under a glass, in heat, 
compacts . . . White. . S. Ev. T. W. Ind. . 1793 
eotinifolia . . .White. . S. Ev. T. Ceylon . .1818 
ligustrina . . . White. . S. Ev. T. E. Ind. . . 1820 
LInOm, Linn. From the Celtic word IHn, a thread ; 
whence the Greek, linon, and the Latin, linum. 
Linn. 5, Or. 5, Nat. Or. Linaceae. These plants are 
mostly ornamental, and well worth cultivating in 
every collection. The greenhouse and. frame kinds 
grow best in a mixture of loam and peat, and cut- 
tings root freely under a glass. The hardy shrubby 
kinds do well in any light soil, and are increased by 
cuttings under a glass. The hardy herbaceous spe- 
cies are well suited for ornamenting flower-borders ; 
hut the dwarf kinds do best on rock-work, or even 
grown in pots, that they may be protected by a 
frame in frosty or very wet weather ; they may be 
increased by divisions of the roots, by cuttings, or 
by seeds. The annual and biennial species should 
be sown in the open ground in April. Synonymes : 
1. perenne. 2 tenuifolium, tricolor. 3. angustifolium, 
decumbens. 4. angustifolium. 5. austriacum, pe- 
renne. 6. austriacum. 
agre-t^ . . 
alpinum . . 
album . . 
altikicum . . 
ftngllcum, 1 . 
album . . 
angustifolium 
arbOreum . . 
ascvrifOiium . 
nur'Oum . . 
Berlandicri . 
bicOlOr, 2 . . 
campanulStum . 
capitatum . . 
catliariicum . . 
Cummingi . 
daliurieum 
decumbens, 3 
difFu.sum . . . 
flavum . . 
gallicum . . . 
grand iflorum 
hirsutum . . . 
liypericifOlium . 
LewisTi . . . 
luteOlum . . 
marginatum, 4 . 
maritimum . 
mexicanum . . 
mnnOgynum . 
montaiium . . 
narbonensO . . 
nervosum . . . 
nndifloium . . 
palle.'icens . . 
quadrifullum 
reflextim . . . 
rigidum . . . 
salsololdes 
.^ibiricum, 5 . . 
squamulosum, 6 
. Yellow 
. Yellow 
. Lilac . 
. Blue . 
. White . 
. Blue . 
. Blue . 
. White . 
. Purple 
. Yellow 
. White . 
. Yellow 
, Blue . 
Yel. < 
Yel. blue 
Yellow 
YeUow 
White . 
White . 
Yellow 
Red . 
Blue . 
Yellow 
Yellow 
. 6, G. Ev. S. 
. 6, G. Ev. S. 
. H. Her. P. 
. 7. H. Her. P. 
. 7, H. Her. P. 
. 7, H. Her. P. 
. 6, H. Her. P. 
. 6, H. Her. P. 
. 7, H. Her. P. 
. 5, G. Ev. S. 
. 7. H Her. P. 
. 6, H. A. 
. 6, H. Her. P. 
. 9, F. A. 
. 6, H. A. 
. 7, H. Her. P. 
. 6, H. Her. P. 
. 7, H. A. 
. 7. G. Ev. S. 
. 6, H. Her. P. 
. 6, H. Her. P. 
. 6, H. Her. P. 
. 7, H. Her. P. 
. 7, H. A. 
. 6. H. Her. P. 
. 7, H. Her. P. 
R, H. Her. P. 
, H. Her. P. 
1, H. 
A. 
triOtui 
stiictum . . . 
BuffruticOsam 
tauricum . . , 
tenuifolium . . 
[ 187 
\Vhite . 
Blue . 
Blue . 
Blue . 
White . 
Lilac . 
Blue . 
Pa. yel. 
Pink . 
Blue . 
Blue . 
. Blui 
Pink . 
Yellow 
Pink . 
. 6, H. Her. P. 
. 7, H. Her. P. 
. 6, F. Her. P. 
. 7, H. Her. P. 
. 6, H. Her. P. 
. 5, F. Her. P. 
. 6, H. Her. P. 
. 7, H. Her. P. 
. 1, H. Her. P. 
. 5, G. Ev. S. 
. 7, H. Her. P. 
. 7. H. A. 
. 6, H. Ev. S. 
. 6, H. Her. P. 
. 7, H. Her. P. 
. 6, H. A. 
. 6, H. B. 
. 8, G. Ev. S, 
. 6 , H. Ev. S. 
. 6, H. Her. P. 
C. G. H. 
C. G. H. 
Portugal 
Austria . 
Gardens 
Altai 
England 
Gardens 
England 
Candia . 
Portugal 
Hungary 
A 11 . stria . 
Bijar . 
Morocco 
Europe . 
Austria . 
Britain . 
Chile . 
Dahuria 
N. Africa 
Caucasus 
N. Amer. 
Tauria . 
S. Eur. . 
Mexico . 
N. Zeal. 
Switzerl. 
S. France 
Hungary 
Italy 
Siberia . 
C. G. H. 
S. Eur. . 
Missouri 
S. Eur. . 
Siberia . 
Tauria . 
Carolina 
S. Eur. . 
Spain . 
Tauria . 
Europe . 
1739 
1829 
1788 
1800 
1820 
1775 
1835 
1820 
1795 
1816 
. 1793 
. 1777 
. 1820 
. 1759 
. 1807 
. 1820 
. 1820 
. 1810 
. 1596 
. 1838 
. 1832 
. 1817 
. 1759 
, 1822 
. 1759 
. 1831 
. 1787 
. 1777 
. 1807 
. 1810 
. 1775 
. 1819 
. 1817 
. 1759 
. 1759 
. 1818 
. 1759 
Liparis, Richard. Dr. Lindley thinks it is probable 
that the name is derived from liparos, unctuous ; 
in allusion to the soft surface of the leaves of some 
of the species. Linn. 20, Or. 1, Nat. Or. Orchidacem. 
This is rather an extensive genus of plants, some 
of which are very pretty when in flower. The 
terrestrial kinds require the treatment of Bletia, 
and the epiphytes may be referred to Stanhopea. 
anceps . . . 
caespitosA . . 
cvlindrostachya 
elata . . . . 
elegans . . . 
flavescens . . 
folibSH . . . 
guineensls . . 
liliifdlra . . . 
I6ngip6s . . . 
nepalensTs . . 
pendulA . . . 
priOchilus . . 
purpurAscens 
Walkerla . . 
Yelsh. gm. S. Epi. China . . 1837 
S. Epi. Bourbon 
S. Ter. E. Ind. . .1837 
Brn. grn. . 9, S. Epi. Rio Jan. . 1826 
S. Ter. E. Ind. . . 
Yellow . ■ S. Ter. Bourbon . 
Green . . 9, S. Ter. M^rurit . . 1823 
Green . . S. Ter. S. Leone . 1832 
Green . . 7, S. Ter. N, Amer. . 1758 
AVht. vel. . 11, S. Epi. Cevlon . . 
Green’. . 6, S. Ter. Nepal . . 
Green . . S. Epi. India . . 
Orange . 7, S. Ter. China . . 1830 
Purple . S. Ter. I. Bourbon . 
Purple . S. Ter. Ceylon . . 
LipostSma, G. Don. From leipo, to fall from, and 
stoma, a mouth ; lid from capsule. Linn. 4, Or. 1, 
Nat. Or. Cinchonacece. This plant is well worth a 
place in every collection. The flower is a very 
fine blue, with a yellow throat; for culture and 
propagation, see Richardsonia. Synonymes : 1. He- 
dyotis campanulaflora, j^ginetia capitata. 
campanuliflora, 1 Blue . . 7f 6. Ev. T. Brazil . . 1825 
Lipped, having lips. 
LippIa, Linn. In honour of Augustus Lippi, a French 
physician and traveller in Abyssinia. Linn. 14, 
Or. 2, Nat. Or. Verbenaceae. Any rich light soil 
will suit these plants, and cuttings of the young 
wood will root readily in sand, under a glass, 
dulcis .... White . S. Her. P. Trinidad . 1827 
purpurea . . . Red . . 6, S. Ev. S. Mexico . .1823 
Liquidambar, Linn. From liquidus, liquid ; ambar, 
amber; in allusion to the gum which exudes fiom 
the trees. Linn. 21, Or. 9, Nat. Or. Balsamacece. 
Ornamental hardy trees. L. styracijlua, or Sweet 
Gum-tree, attains a great height, and in form and 
habit bears a strong resemblance to the Maple. 
They grow freely in any common soil, and plants 
are obtained from cuttings, or seeds. Synonyme . 
1. orientate. 
imberb^, 1 . . . Apetal . 3, H. De. T. Levont.. . 1759 
styraciflud . . . Apetal . 3, H. De. T. N. Amer. . 1683 
Liquorice, see Glycyrrhlzd. 
Liriodendron, Jussieu. From leirion, a lily, and 
dendron, a tree; the flower produced by this tree 
bears some resemblance to a lily, but is more like a 
tulip. Linn. 13, Or. 6, Nat. Or. Magnoliaceae. The 
Tulip-tree grows to a considerable height before it 
will produce its flowers, which are large. It is 
well suited for planting singly on lawns, or for 
forming avenues. It is geneially increased from 
imported seeds, which should be sown in March, 
in a light rich soil, well exposed to the sun, and 
covering them about half an inch deep. They 
commonly remain two years in the ground before 
they come up. From the tonic quality of L. tuli- 
pifera, it has been said to be_ equal to Peruvian 
bark. The wood of this tree is smooth and fine- 
grained, very easily wrought, and not liable to 
split. It is used in carving and ornamental work, 
but is generally used in this country to make the 
panels of coach and chaise bodies. 
