PAN PAP 
PAP par 
speciosum . . . White . 7. S. Bl. P. W. Incl. . 1759 
undulatum . . . White . 6, S. Bl. F. S. Amer. . 
verecundum . . White . 7, S. Bl. P. E. Ind. . . 1776 
zeylanlcum . . ^Vhite . 6, S. Bl. P. Ceylon . . 1752 
Pandanus, Linn. From pandang, a word in the 
Malay language, signifying conspicuous. Linn. 
22, Or. 1, Nat. Or. Pandanacece. This stately, fine- 
lf)oking genus has received the English name, 
Screw-Pine, on account of the appearance of the 
plants ; they thrive in a light loamy soil. Some of 
the species produce suckers, by which they may be 
increased. 
albas .... White . S. Ev. T. E. lud. . . 1818 
amaryllifallus . White . S. Ev. T. E. Ind. . .1820 
candelabrum . . White . S. Ev. T. Guinea . . 1826 
edulis .... White . S. Ev. T. Madagas. . 1824 
fascicularis . . White . S. Ev. T. E. Ind. . . 1822 
fcetidus. . . . White . 8. Ev. T. E. Ind. . . 1818 
furcatus . . . AVhite . S. Ev. T. E. Ind. . . 1824 
hamills .... White . S. Ev. T. Maurit. 
inermis .... White . S. Ev. T. E. Ind. . .1818 
integrifolius . . White . S. Ev. T. E. Ind. . . 1823 
latitalius . . . White . S. Ev. T. E. Ind. . . 1820 
longifolius . . . White . S. Ev. T. E. Ind. . . 1829 
marginatus . . White . S. Ev. T. E. Ind. . .1823 
odorallssimus . . White . S. Ev. T. E. Ind. . . 1771 
pedunculatus . . White . S. Ev. T. N. Holl. . 1825 
reflexus. . . . AVhite . S. Ev. T. E. Ind. . .1818 
sessills .... White . S. Ev. T. E. Ind. . . 1820 
spiralis .... White . S. Ev. T. N. S. W. . 1805 
turbinatus . . . White . S. Ev. T. E. Ind. . . 1823 
utiiis .... White . S. Ev. T. Bourbon 
Panduratk, fiddle-shaped. 
Panickous, eatable, good for bread. 
Panic-grass, see Panlcum. 
Panic-grass, see Ehrarta panic^d. 
Panicle, a loose disposition of inflorescence, as oats. 
Panicled, or paniculate, forming a panicle. 
Paniculatelv-branched, loosely branched. 
Paniculately-racemose, a panicle formed by nume- 
rous racemes. 
Panicum, Linn. From panicula, a panicle, or panis, 
bread. Linn. 3, Or. 2, Nat. Or. Gramineae. A 
useful genus of grasses. P. miliaceum is frequently 
sown for feeding poultry, and is sometimes used as 
a substitute for rice. P. arbortscens is said by 
Linnaeus to equal in height the loftiest trees in the 
East Indies, though the culm is little thicker than 
a goose’s-quill ; it grows in the woods and jungles. 
In cultivation, the species grow in any common 
soil, and ar.e increased by dividing at the root, or 
by seeds. 
brizoldes . . . Apetal . . 7, Grass. E. Ind. . . 1801 
cdloniim . , . Apetal . . 8, Grass. E. Ind. . . 1699 
fasciculatum . . Apetal . . 6, Grass. Jamaica . . 1801 
friimentaceum . Apetal . . 7. Grass. E. Ind. . . 1810 
miliaceum . . . Apetal . . 7» Grass. E. Ind. . . 1596 
muricalum . . . Apetal . . 6, Grass. E. Ind. . . 1805 
oryzoldes . . . Apetal . . 8, Grass. W. Ind. . . 1822 
pfoliferum . . . Apetal . . 7, Grass. N. Amer. . 1820 
alitssimOm, ancSps, arborescens, arundindcSum, asper- 
rimf/m, attenuatum, bicdlor, brevifolium, capilldrS, 
C. minor, carthaginense, clandestlnum, colordtum, 
cosiStTim, decumbens, dichdtOmum, difftisum, divari- 
cdtiim, Jlavidum, fuscfim, gongylOdes, hispididum, 
tndlcflm, inttrruptum, lave, latifollum, laxum, mar- . 
gin&tum, maximum, milidre, mOUe, nervSsum, niti- 
dUm, numidianum, palmifolliim, patens, plicdtum, 
rSpSns, tenellum, uliginOsfim, villOsum, virgatum. 
Papaver, Linn. From papa, pap, or thick milk; 
the juice of the poppy was formerly used in chil- 
dren’s food to make them sleep. Linn. 13, Or. 1, 
Nat. Or. Papax^eracece. P. somniferum is cultivated 
in the vicinity of London ; the capsules are sold to 
the druggists for the opium which is obtained from 
them. The plants succeed in a light rich soil. 
The perennial kinds are increased by dividing at 
the roots. All the species are narcotic. Syno- 
nymcs : 1. P. Burseri. 2. P. pulcherrimum. 3. P. 
aurantiaoum. 4. P. alpinxim. 
alplnum, 1 . . White . 7> H. Her. P. Austria . 1759 
amdenum . . . Vermil. . H. A. N. Ind. . 183— 
arenarlum . . . Red . . 6, H. A. Caucasus . 1828 
AigCrndne . . .Scarlet . 6, H. A. Britain . . 
armenlAcum . . Yellow . 8, H. A. Armenia . 1815 
bracteitum, 2 . .Red . . 5, H. Her. P. .Siberia . . 1817 
caucasicum . . Red . 6, H. A. Caucasus . 1813 
croceum . . . Saffron . 6, H. Her. P. Altai . . 1829 
dublum .... Scarlet . 6, H. A. Britain . . 
I flore-albo . . White . 6, H. A. Tauria . . 
1 floribundum . . Scarlet . 6, H. "R Levant . . 1816 
t 231 1 
fugax . . . .Pa. carm. 6, H. A. Persia . .1827 
gariepinum . . Scarlet . 6, H. A. Africa . . 1835 
horridum . . . Red . . 7, H. A. N. Holl. . 1825 
hybridum . . . Scarlet . 6, H. A. England . 
laevigatum . . . Red . . 6, H. A. Caucasus . 1823 
microcarpum . . Yellow . 6, H. Her. P. Kamtsch. . 1824 
nudicauld . . . Yellow . 7> H. Her. P. Siberia . . 1730 
coccInSum . . Red oran. 4, H. Her. P. Hybrid . . 1820 
glabratum . . Yellow . 7, H. Her. P. Siberia . . 1800 
lutgum . . . Yellow . 7, H. Her. P. Siberia . . 1730 
radicatum . . Yellow . 7) H. Her. P. Norway . 1800 
oriental# . . . Red . . 5, H. Her. P. Armenia . 1714 
concbldr . . . Scarlet . 6, H. Her P. S. Eur. . . 1714 
maculatum . . Scarlet . 6, H. Her. P. S. Eur. . .1714 
obtusifOlium . Rose . . 6, H. A. Africa . . 1828 
persicum . . . Brick . 6, H. Her. P. Persia . . 1830 
pyrenaIcQni, 3 . Yellow . 7> H. Her. P. Pyrenees . 
' piinIc#uoi, 4 . Red . . 6, H. Her. P. Switzerl. . 
Rhsas .... Scarlet . 6, H. A. Britain . . 
alba .... White . 6, H. A. Britain . . 
carnfia . . . Flesh . 6, H. A. Britain . . 
coccmea . . . Scarlet . 6, H. A. Britain . . 
maculate . . Varieg. . 6, H. A. Britain . . 
multiplex . . Varieg. . 6, H. A. Britain . . 
variegata . . Varieg. . 6, H. A. Britain . . 
Roublaei . . . Red . . 6, H. A. Montpel. . 1823 
rubro-aurantiacum Red . . 7, H. Her. P. Dahuria . 1822 
setigerum . . . White . 7. H. A. S. Eur. . . 1824 
somniferum . . White . 7. H. A. England . 
aU>d-plenum . Varieg. . 7> H. A. Britain . . 
album . . . While . 7, H. A. Britain . . 
fimbriatum . . Varieg. . 7, H. A. Britain . . 
nigrum . . . Purple . 7. H. A. BriUin . . 
Ttibro-plenum . Varieg. . 7, H. A. Britain . . 
variegatum . . Varieg. . 7, H. A. Britain . . 
trilobum . . . Red . . 6, H. A. Holland . 1818 
Papa w-T REE, see Caricd Papaya. 
Paper-mulberry, see Broussonetid papyrdced. 
Papilionaceous, butterfly-shaped flowTers, as the com- 
mon pea. 
Papili.^, small, soft excrescences. 
Papillose, or papillous, having small glandular ex- 
crescences, like pimples. 
Pappophorum, Schreber, From pappos, down, and 
fhoreo, to carry. Linn. 3, Or. 2, Nat. Or. Gra- 
minem. Grasses of no interest; inci eased by seeds 
— nigricans, phleotdes. 
Pappus, crown of the fruit of compositae, and similar 
plants. 
Papui»^, round, soft, watery protuberances. 
Papuixise, covered with papulae. 
Papyraceous, resembling paper. 
Papyrus, Willdenow. From the Syrian, babeer ; 
whence the Egyptian word papyrus, paper. Linn. 
3, Or. 1, Nat. Or. Cyperaceae. This is a splendid 
genus, requiring to be grown in a tub or large pot 
of water, with rich mud at the bottom ; increased 
from divisions, or by seeds. The famed Papyx-us of 
the Egyptians was obtained from our Cyperus 
Papyrus. Synonymes : 1. Cyperus elegans. 2. C. 
odoratus. 
antiquorum . . Apetal . 8. S. Aq. P. Egypt . . 1803 
elegans, 1 . . . Apetal . 7, S. Aq. P. W.' Ind. . 1820 
laxidortls . . . Apetal . 7, S. Aq. P. Madagascar 1822 
odoratus, 2 . . Apetal . 7, S. Aq. P. W. Ind. .1819 
Parabolical, foim of a parabola, longer than broad, 
tapering gradually to both ends. 
Paraguay tea, see Ilex pax-ague nsis, 
Parastranthus, Don. From parastrepho, to invert, 
and axilhos, a flower; the flowers are upside down 
compared with those of other genera of the order. 
Linn 5, Or. 1, Nat. Or. Lobeliacew. These beau- 
tiful plants are easily cultivated in a mixture of 
loam, peat, and sand ; increased by dividing at the 
root. Synonymes . 1 . Lobelia lutea. 2. L. uniden- 
tata. 3. L. variifolia. 
simplex, 1 . . . YeUow . 6, H. Her. P. C. G. H. . 1774 
unidentata, 2 . . Blue . . 7, H. Her. P. C. G. H. . 1794 
variifOlM, 3 . .Yellow . 6, H. Her. P. C. G. H. .1812 
Pardanthus, Ker. From pardos, a leopard, and 
anthos, a flower; alluding to the spotted flowers. 
Linn. 3, Or. 1, Nat. Or. Iridaceee. A handsome 
^enus, succeeding in light rich soil ; when planted 
in the open border the plants require a little pro- 
tection in severe weather; increased by divisions, 
or by seeds. 
ch'inensis . . . Orange . 6, H. Her. P. China . . 1759 
nepalensis . . . Orange . 6, H. Her. F. Nepal . . 1823 
Pareira BRAVA ROOT, see CissampelOs. 
Parenchyma, parts of plants consisting of cellular 
tissue only. 
