POL POL 
POL POL 
nSmi, 4 • . • Grn. yel. i 6> H. A. N. Amer. • 1815 
NunimiilSrI4 . Purple . G. Ev. S. C. G. H. . 1812 
oppositifdll4 . • Purple • 6, G. Ev. S. C. G. H. . 1790 
majer . . . Purple . 7, G. Ev. S. C. G. H. . 
paniculati . . Pa. pur. . 7. S. A. S. Amer. . 1823 
paucifOlia . . Purple . 6, H. Her. P. N. Amer. . 1812 
pinifdliS . . . Purple . 7> G. Ev. S. C. G. H. . 1823 
purpurea, 5 . . Purple . 6, H. A. N. Amer. . 1739 
rubella ... Pa. red . 6, H. Her. P. N. Amer. . 1828 
sanguinea . . Rose . . 8, H. A. N. Amer. . 1739 
SenegS . . . Red wht. . 7, F. Her. P. N. Amer. . 1739 
simplex . . . Purple . T, G. Ev. S. C. G. H. . 1816 
speciOs^ . . . Purple . 7. G. Ev. S. C. G. H. . 1814 
tenuifdliS . . Flesh . . 5, G. Ev. S. C. G. H. 
teretifolia . . Purple . 8, G. Ev. S. C. G. H. . 1791 
tetragona . . . Purple . G. Ev. S. C. G. H. . 1820 
thesioides. . . Blue . . 7, F. Ev. S. Valparaiso . 1830 
umbellata . . Purple . 7> S. A. C. G. H. 
verticillata . . Wliite . . 7, H. A. N. Amer. . 1739 
vulgaris . . . Blue . . 5, H. Her. P. Britain . . 
Polygamous, when some flowers are male, some 
female, and others hermaphrodite, on the same 
plant. 
PoLYGONATUM, Desfoiitaines. From poly, many, and 
gonu, a knee ; referring to the numerous joints of 
the stem. Linn. 6, Or. 1, Nat. Or. Liliacece. Pretty 
border plants, growing about two feet high in any 
rich soil, and readily increased by seed or divisions 
of the root. Synonymes : 1. P. latifolium. 2. Con- 
vallaria verticillata. 3. C. Polygonatum. 
angustifOlium . .White. . 5, H. Her.,P. N. Amer. . 1824 
brachiatum . .White. . 7. H. Her. P. Switzerl. . 1827 
canaliculatum . .White. . 6, H. Her. P. N. Amer. . 1812 
hirtum . . . .White. . 5, H. Her. P. N. Amer. . 1819 
latifolium . . .White. . 5, H. Her. P. Germany . 1802 
leptophyllum . .White. . 6, G. Her. P. Nepal . . 1816 
macrophyllum, 1 . White . . 5, H. Her. P. N. Amer. . 1800 
multiflorum . . ^Vllite . . 6, H. Her. P. Britain . . 
oppositifOlium . White . . 4, G. Her. P. Nepal . . 1822 
polyanthemum . White . . 5, H. Her. P. Caucasus . 1826 
pubescons . . .White. . 5, H. Her. P. N. Amer. . 1812 
verticillatum, 2 .White. . 5, H. Her. P. Scotland 
vulgar#, 3 . . . White . . 5, H. Her. P. England 
flOrO-pleno . . Wht. gm. 6, H. Her. P. England . Gard. 
minOr ... Wht. gm. 6, H. Her. P. England . Oard. 
Polygonum, Linn. Derivation same as that of Poly~ 
gonatum. Linn. 8, Or. 3, Nat. Or. Polygonaceae. 
The species of this genus grow freely in any light 
rich soil. The perennial kinds are readily increased 
from seeds, or by divisions of the root. The hardy 
annual species merely require sowing in the open 
ground. The tender kinds must be raised on a 
gentle hotbed, and transplanted into the flower- 
border. Some species, such as P. Hydropiper, are 
extremely acrid, and said to blister the skin. The 
seeds of P. Fagopyrum and tataricum are used as 
food, and according to Humboldt, the leaves of P. 
hispidum are used in South America as a substitute 
for tobacco. Synonymes: 1. P. petiolatum. 2. P. 
elegans. 3. P. jiageilare. 
acutatum . . . Pink . . 7, H. A. . 1828 
adpressum . . Red . . 7, G. Ev. S. N. HoU. . 1822 
affin# .... Red . . 6, H. Her. P. Nepal . . 1822 
alpinum . . . White . . 7. H. Her. P. SwitzerL . 1816 
amphiblum . . Pink . . 7i H. Aq. P. Britain . . 
hirsulum . . Red . . 7, H. Her. P. Britain . . 
amplexicaul#, 1 . Red . . 7, H. Her. P. India . . 1837 
arenarlum . . Purple . 6, H. Tr. A. Hungary . 1807 
arifollum . . . Wht. red . 4, H. Tw. A. N. HoU. . 1816 
articulatnm . . White. . 7, H. A. N. Amer. .1817 
austral# . . . Red . . 7, H. B. N. HoU. . 1818 
barbatum . . . White . . 7, H. De. Tr. China . . 1819 
Bistorts . . . Pink . . 7, H. Her. P. Britain . . 
chinSns# . . .' Wht. gm. 7i H. Tw. A. China . . 1795 
cilindd# . . .' Pink . . ^ H. CL A. Canada . . 1800 
coccineum . .' Scarlet . 7> H. Her. P. N. Amer. . 1819 
cymosum . . . Pink . . 7, H. A. Nepal . . 1827 
decipiens . . . Red . . 7, G. Her. P. N. HolL . 1822 
diffusum . . . White. . 7, H. Her. Tr. Siberia . . 1817 
Dryandri, 2 . . White . . 7, H. A. E. Ind. . .1800 
el#gans . . . tVht. gm. 6, H. Her. Tr. Nepal . . 1824 
eUiptJcum . . Pink . . 6, H. Her. P. Siberia . . 1807 
emarginatum . Pink . . 7. H. A. China . . 1806 
Fagopyrum . . Pink . . 7, H. A. England . 
floribundum . . Red . . 7> H. A. Siberia . . 1818 
glabrum ... Red . . 7, H. A. E. Ind. . . 1810 
glaucum ... H. Her. P. N. Amer. . 
grScile ... Red . . 7, G. Her. P. N. HoU. . 1822 
neraiarioides . J • 7, G. Ev. S. Egypt . . 1827 
hirsutum . . . White . . 7, H. AN. Amer. . 1817 
Laxmanni . . White . . 6, H. Her. P. Davuria . 1800 
macrophyUum . Purple . 6, H. Her. P. Nepal . . 1820 
mit# .... Red . . 7, H. Aq. A. N. Amer. . 1800 
ocreStQm . . . Wht. gra. 7, H. Her. P. Siberia . . 1780 
[ 253 ) 
oriental# . . . Red . . 8, H. A. E. Ind. . .1707 
album . . . \Vhite . . 8, H. A E. Ind. . . 1781 
oxyspermum . . H. Her. P. Russia . . 1831 
patens. ... . 7> H. Her. Tr. Nepal . . 1823 
patulum . . . White . . 8, H. A. Tauria . . 1820 
pennsylvSnicum Red . . 7. H. A. N. Amer. . 1800 
persicarioides . Pink . . 7» H. A. Mexico . . 1816 
plebelum ... Red . . 7, G. Her. P. N. HoU. . 1822 
sagittatum . Wht. gm. 7> H. Tw. A. N. Amer. . 1759 
saisugtneum . . Pink . . 6, H. Aq. A. Caucasus . 1817 
senegalensis . . Red . . 7, H. Aq. A. Guinea . . 1825 
sericeum . . . ^Vhite . . 7. H. Her. Tr. Siberia . . 1820 
setosum . . .White. . 7. H. Her. P. A. Minor .1817 
tinctorium . . Red . . 7, G. B. China . . 1776 
virginianum . . White. . 8, H. Her. P. N. Amer. . 1640 
viviparum . . Wht. grn. 7, H. Her. P. Britain . . 
acetdsHm, acidfilum, alptnum, avicularS, Bellardi, Con- 
vOlvfilus, divaricatUm, dumetOrum, equisetiJTirmS, 
erectum, HydroptpSr, incanum,injvcundum,lapathi- 
fdlium, littordlS 3, marltimum, minus, niloticum, 
Pereicdrid, ramosissimUm, sallgnum, scSndens, tata- 
ricum, undulutfim. 
PoLYiDKs, Agardh. From polyeides, multifarious ; 
diversity of appearance. Linn. 24, Or. 7, Nat. Or. 
Alga. A very singular worm-like species of Alga, 
found in the sea during the month of November — 
P. lumbrtcalis. 
PoLYMNiA, Linn. Polymnia was the name of one of 
the Muses. Linn. 19, Or. 4, Nat. Or. Composita. 
Species of no great beauty, succeeding well in com- 
mon garden soil. P. abyssinica requires to be raised 
on a hotbed, and when potted off, set with the stove 
plants. 
abyssinic4 . . . Yellow . 4, S. B. Africa . .1775 
canadensis . . . Yellow . 7> H. Her. P. N. Amer. . 1768 
mac\ilat4 . . . Yellow . 8, H. Her. P. Mexico . . 1824 
Uvedalea . . . Yellow . 9, H. Her. P. N. Amer. . 1699 
Polymorphous, assuming various forms. 
PoLYPETALous, having many petals. 
PoLYPHORE, an elongated receptacle, which bears 
many ovaries, but not the petals or stamens. 
Polypodium, Swartz. From poly, many, and pous, a 
foot; numerous root-like feet. Linn. 24, Or. 1, 
Nat. Or. Polypodiacea. A genus of very ornamental 
ferns. The stove and greenhouse species require, 
to grow them well, a mixture of loam and peat. 
The hardy kinds are well adapted for ornamenting 
rock-work, or they may be grown in pots, in light 
loamy soil. All the species may be readily increased 
by dividing the roots, or by seeds. P. crassifolium 
is said to be sudorific and anti-rheumatic. In the 
Sandwich Islands, they use the bruised fronds of 
P. phymatodes to perfume the cocoa-nut oil. Syno- 
nonymes : 1. P. scandens. 2. P. latifolium. 
alpestr# . . . Brown . 7> H. Her. P. 
angustifbllum . Brown . 5, S. Her. Cr. W. Ind. . 1820 
areolatum . . Brown . S. Her. P. Brazil . . 1824 
asplenifoUum . Brown . 7, S. Her. P. Martinico . 1790 
attenuatum . . Brown . 5, S. Her. Cr. N. HolL . 1823 
aur#um . . . Brown . 3, S. Hfer. P. W- Ind. . 1742 
auriculatum . . Brown . 7, S. Her. Cr. Brazil . . 1824 
Billardlerl, 1 . Brown . 5, S. Her. Cr. V. D. L. . 1823 
calcareum . . Brown . 7» H. Her. P. Britain . . 
Cathannae . . Brown . S. Her. P. Brazil . . 1824 
connectlle . . Brown . 6, H. Her. P. Canada . . 1823 
crenatum . . . Brown . 8, S. Her. P. Jamaica . 1823 
crassifdlium . . Brown . 8, S. Her.' P. W. Ind. . 1823 
curvatum . . . Brown . 8, S. Her. P. Jamaica . 1823 
decumanum . . Brown . 8, S. Her. P. Blrazil . . 1818 
deflexum . . . Brown . 7, S. Her. P. . 1830 
dissXmll# . . . Brown . 7, S. her. P. Brazil . . 1820 
drepanum . . Brorvn all S. Her. P. Madeira 
Dryopt#r!s . . Brown . 7» H. Her. P. Britain . . 
effusum . . . Brown . 11, §. Her. P. Jamaica . 1769 
fraxinifdllum . Brown . 8, S. Her. P. Caraccas . 1-817 
hastatum . . . Brown . 7> S. Her. P. Jamaica . 1820 
heterophyllum . Brown . 7> S. Her. Cr. W. Ind. . 1820 
hexagon#pt#rum Brown . 7, H. Her. P. N. Amer. . 1811 
incanum . . . Brown . 8, S. Her. Cr. & Amer. . 1811 
incisum . . . Brown . 7, S. Her. P. tV. Ind. . 1810 
iridifdllum . . Brown . 9, S. Her. P. 
jamaicense . . Brown . 6, S. Her. P. Jamaica . 1820 
juglandifdlium . Brown . 7, S. Her. P. Si Amer. . 1822 
lanceolatum . . Brown . 8, S. Her. P. W. Ind. . 1812 
latipes .... Brown . 10,' S. Her. P. Brazil . . 
longifdlium . . Brown . 7, S. Her. P. Brazil . . 1819 
lyc-opodioldes . Brown . 7, S. Her. Cr. W. Ind. . 1793 
olivac#um . . Brown . S. Her. P. S. Amer. . 
Otites .... Brown . 10, S. Her. P. Brazil . . 1834 
owariens# . . Brown . S. Her. Cr. S. Leona 
per-tinatum . . Brown . 7, S. Her. P. W. Ind. . 1793 
Phegopterls . . Brown . 6, H. Her. P. Britain . . 
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