SPH 
SPA 
SPA 
SPA 
and stagnant waters : increased by seeds — S. al- 
ptnum, iiatdns, ramOsum, simplex. 
Sparganophorus, Gtertner. From iparganon. a fillet, 
and phoreo, to bear ; shape of the seeds. Linn. 19, 
Or. 1, Nat. Or. Compositas. Tender annuals, not 
worth cultivating — S. Struchiumy Vaillaniiiy verti- 
ciJlutfis. 
Sparmannia, Thunberg. In honour of Andrew Spar- 
mann, M.D., a Swedish botanist, who accompanied 
Captain Cook in his second voyasie round the 
world. Linn. 13, Or. 1, Nat. Or. Tiliacex. This 
beautiful early flowering shrub succeeds best in 
a mixture of loam and peat; and cuttings root 
freely in sand, under a glass. 
afric3na ... White . 5, O. Ev. T. C. G. H. . 1790 
Sparrow wort, see Passerlnd. 
Sparrow-wort, see Erica Passerlnd. 
Sfarsa, scattered. 
Spartina, Schreber. From spartine, a rope made from 
broom. Linn. 3, Or. 1, Nat. Or. Graminece. Per- 
ennial grasses, of very easy culture ; and increased 
by divisions and seeds. 
dltemiflora . . . Apetal . . 7» Grass. France . . 1819 
cynosuroidfia . . Apetal . . 8, Grasa. N. Amer. . 1781 
ir'eniculAta . . . Anetal . . 7. Grass. Java . . . 1822 
juncea . . . . ApeUl . . 7, Grass. N. Amer. .1/81 
patens .... Apetal . . 7. Grass. N. Amer. . 1781 
polvsiachya . . . Apetal . . 8, Grass. N. Amer. . 1781 
pumila .... Apetal . . 8, Grass. N. Amer. . 1826 
atricta .... Apetal . . 8, Grass. Britain . . 
Spartium, Linn. From sparton, cordage ; use made 
of the plant in early a<res. Linn. 16, Or. 6, Nat. Or. 
Leguminosx. These plants, from being very orna- 
mental when in flower, are well adapted for planting 
in shrubberies. They are usually increa.sed by 
seeds, but cuttings of the young wood will root, if 
planted under a glass. 
acutifolium . . Yellow . 8, H. De. S. Turkey . . 1836 
juncSum . . . Yellow . 8. H. De. S. S. Eur. . . 1548 
flore plenO . . Yellow . 8, H. De. S. S. Eur. . . 1548 
odoratisslmum . Yellow . 7j H. De. S. Persia . . 1834 
Spatalanthus, Srveet. From spatalos, delicate, and 
anthos, a flower. Linn. 16, Or. 1, Nat. Or. Iridaceae. 
A beautiful-flowering Cape bulb, succeeding in 
sandy loam and peat; and increased by offsets. 
Synonyme ; 1. Trichonema monadelpha. 
speciosus,' 1 . . H. Bl. P. C. G. H. . 1825 
Spatalla, Salisbury. From spatale, wantonness. 
Linn. 4, Or. 1, Nat. Or. Proteaceoe. This genus of 
ornamental plants requires the same treatment as 
that recommended for Serruria. 
brncteatil . . 
. Purple 
. 6, G. Ev. S. 
C. G. H. 
. 1806 
brevifOlia . . 
. Purple 
. 7, G. Ev. S. 
C. G. H. 
. 1823 
caudatA . . . 
. 6, G. Ev, S. 
C. G. H, 
. 1812 
. 5, G. Ev. S. 
C. G. H. 
. 1789 
mollis . . . 
. Purple 
. 6, G. Ev. S. 
C. G. H. 
. 1826 
Hive A . . . 
. Pur^e 
. 6. G. Ev. S. 
C. G. H. 
. 1806 
piolIfArA . . 
. Purple 
. 7. G. Ev. S. 
C. G. H. 
. 1800 
ramulosa . 
. Purple 
. 8, G. Ev. S. 
C. G. H. 
. 1787 
ThunbergTI 
. Purple 
. 5, G. Ev. S. 
a. G. H. 
. 1806 
Spatha, a broad sheathing leaf, enclosing flowers 
arranged on a spadix. 
SpathelTa, £,inn. From spathe, a palm-tree; simi- 
larity of habit. Linn. 5, Or. 3, Nat. Or. Amyridacece. 
This tree succeeds best in a mixture of ioam and 
peat ; and ripened cuttings will root in sand, under ' 
a glass, in heat. 
simplex .... Red . . S. Ev. T. Jamaica . 1778 
Spathodea, Beauvois. From spathe, a spatha, in 
reference to the form of the calyx. Linn. 14, Or. 2, 
Nat. Or. Bignoniacece. This is a genus of truly 
splendid plants when in flower. For culture and 
propagation, see Bignonia. Synonymes ; 1 . Bignonia 
fraxinifolia. 2. B. ckelonoides. 3. B. spathacea. 4. 
B. quadrilocularis. 5 B. uncata. 
eorymbosit . . . Yellow . S. Ev. T. Trinidad . 1824 
fraxinifdlia, 1 . . S. Ev. Cl. Caraccas . 1822 
laevjs .... Purple . S. Ev. S. Guinea . . 1825 
longiflOrS, 2 . . Red . . S. Ev. T. E. Ind. . . 1816 
pentUndrA . . . Yelsh. . . 6, S. Ev. T. India . 
Rheedn, 3 . . . Cream . . S. Ev. T. E. Ind. . .1794 
Roxburghn, 4 . . Pink . . S. Ev. T. E. Ind. . . 1820 
uncaU, 5 . . . Yellow . S. Ev. Cl. Guiana . . 1804 
Spathulea, Fries. From spa/Au/a, a spreading knife ; 
so named from the form of the plant. Linn. 24, Or. 
9, Nat. Or. Fungi. This species is found in autumn 
upon dead }eaves~-S. Jldvldd. 
Spatui.a, a spHtulate-shaped process. 
( 297 1 
SPATur-ATE, like a spatula, a knife having the upper 
end broadest. 
Spearwort, see Rantinciilils flammed. 
Spkcklinia, Lindley. Named after Rudolph Speckin, 
the artist who drew the woodcuts in Fuchs’s His- 
toria Plantarum. Linn. 20, Or. 1, Nat. Or. Orchi- 
daceae. Small plants, with dull green, purple- 
spotted flowers. For culture and propagation, see 
Burlingtonia. 
atropurpureS 
ciliAris 
obiivat4 . 
orbicularis 
repens 
. Dk. pur. 
. Grn. pur. 
. Pa. yel. . 
. Purple . 
. Grn. pur. 
S. Epi. Jamaica . 
S. Epi. Mexico . 
S. Epi. Braril . 
S Epi. Demerara 
S. Epi. Mexico . 
Spkcularia, Heister. F rom the ancient name Speculum 
Veneris. Linn. 5, Or. 1, Nat. Or. Campanulaceae, 
For culture and propagation refer to Prismato- 
carpus. Synonymes: 1. Prismatocarpus falcatus. 
2. P. hybridus. 3. P pentagonius. 4 P.perfoliatus. 
5. P. sjeculum. 6. P. hirsutus. 
biflorci .... Blue . . 6, H. 
falcatil, 1 . . . Rose . . 7, H. 
bybrida, 2 . . . Rose . . 7, H. 
pentagonia, 3 . . Blue . . 7> H. 
perfoliata, 4 . . Blue . . 7, H. 
speculum, 5 . . Gm. wht. . 7> H. 
calvcina ... . 7i H. 
Libanica . . . 7. H. 
pubescens, 6 . . 7, H. 
Speedwell, see Verbnlcd. 
Spelt, see TriticUm speltd. 
Spkrgula, Linn. From spargo, to scatter; because 
it expels its seeds. Linn. 10, Or. 4, Nat. Or. llle- 
cebraceae. None of these plants are worth cultivating, 
except in botanical gardens. They grow in any 
moist situation — S. gldbrd, lariclnd, nodOsd, pillferd, 
saginoides, iubuldtd. 
Spergularia, Persoon. Altered from Spergula, which 
see for explanation. Linn. 10, Or. 4, Nat. Or. 
Caryophyllaceoe. Worthless plants, undeserving of 
the culturist’s care — S. arvensls, pallida, penidndrd, 
Spergulastrum, Michaux. From spergula, spurry, 
and astrum, an affixed term, signifying like. Linn. 
10, Or. 3, Nat. Or. Alsinacex. This species is of 
no interest, except in botanical collections. Sandy 
peat suits it, and young plants may be obtained by 
dividing the roots or by seeds. Synonyme: 1. 
Micropelalon lanuginosum. 
lanuginosum, 1 . WhL pnr. 6, H. Her. P. N. Amer. . 1821 
A Russia 
A Mediu 
A. England 
A Levai 
A. N. Amer. 
A. Europe 
A. Iberia 
A. 
. 1686 
. 1680 
. 1596 
Spermacoce, Dillenius. From sperma, a seed, and 
akoke, a point; in allusion to the capsule being 
crowned by the calycine points. Linn. 4, Or. 1, 
Nat. Or. Cinchonaceae. The species of Spermacoce 
are of the simplest culture. Any light soil suits 
them;^nd cuttings of the shrubby and perennial 
kinds root freely in the same kind of soil, in a little 
heat. The annual species require the treatment 
common to hardy and tender annuals; Synonymes : 
1. S. Ixvis. 2. S. strigosa. 
glabra .... White . 7, H. A. N. Amer. . 1823 
lanceolata ... . 7, H. A. W. Iiid. . 1818 
Roxburghu, 1 . . White . 7, S. B. E. Ind. . .1818 
rubra, 2 . . . Red . . 10, S. A. Mexico . .1797 
tenfilOr .... Pink . . 7, H. A. W. Ind. . 1792 
Ascendlns, cLsperd, cornifdlid, diodlnd, Fischeri, hlrtd, 
hlspidd, Icevis, latifblld, linifdlld, mucrondtd, rddl~ 
cans, scdbrd, stylOsd, suffruticbsd, villbsd. 
Spermoderm, the outer covering of a seed. 
SpERMAxvRUM, LabUlardUre. From sperma, a seed ; 
and axyra, an anchor; the umbilical funicle is I 
shaped like an anchor. Lmn. 3, Or. 1, Nat. Or. 
Olacacex. This species succeeds best in loam and 
peat ; and cuttings will root in sand, under a glass, 
strictum . . . White. . G. Ev. S. N. Holl. . 1820 
Spermoedia, Fries. From sperma, a seed, and anoideo, 
to swell ; the diseased seeds. Linn. 24, Or. 9, Nat. 
Or. Fungi. This very minute species is found in 
autumn on the glumes of grasses — S. cldvds. 
Sphacelate, withered, or dead. 
Sphackle, Bentham. From sphakos, sage ; similarity . 
Linn. 14, Or. 1, Nat. Or. Labiates. Free-flowering 
plants, of easy culture in any light rich soil. Cut- 
tings root readily in earth, under a glass. Syno- 
nyme: 1. Stachys Salvia. 
eampanulftta . . Pa. blue . 7, G. Ev. S. Cliile . .1795 
LlndlSyl, 1 . . Violet . . 7, G. Er. S. Chile . .1825 
Sphacki.larIa, Lyngbye. Fiom sphakelos, gangrene; 
