I'uRBiNATK, having the figure of a top. 
Turgknia, Hoffmann. From iurgeo, to swell; the 
fruit. Linn. 6, Or. 2, Nat. Or. Umbelliferoe. An 
uninteresting plant ; seeds. S,ynonyme : 1. Caiualis 
latifolia — T. lati folia 1. 
Ti'RotD, swollen, pulfed. 
Turgosia, see Crassfild. 
Turmeric, see CurcumA. 
Turnkra. Linnaeus dedicated this genus to the 
memory of William Turner, Prebendary of York, 
Canon of Windsor, See., author of a “ New Herbal,” 
1551, fol . ; he died in 1568. Linn. 5, Or. 3, Nat. Or. 
Turneracea. A genus of very elegant plants when • 
in fiower. They thrive in any rich soil, and are 
idl readily increased by seeds. The shrubby kinds 
may also be increased by cuttings. Synonymes . 1. 
Piriijueta racemosa. 2. T. elegans. 
. 6 , S. £v. S. Brazil . 
. 7, S. A. America 
. 6, S. £v. S. S. Amer. 
. 6, S. A. Guiana . 
. 6, S. A. Brazil . 
. 7, S. A. Jamaica 
. 7> H. A. Siberia . 
. 7» S. Ev. S. Guiana . 
, S. Her. P. Brazil . 
. 7. S. B. Jamaica 
. 6, S. £v. S. Jamaica 
1810 
1774 
1821 
1823 
1818 
1796 
1789 
1824 
1812 
1733 
1733 
brasiliensTs . , Yellow 
stoides . . . Yellow 
cuneiformts . . Yellow 
niianecsla . . Yellow 
hirta .... Yellow 
PumTlSS . . Yellow 
racemosS, 1 . . Yellow 
rupestrls . . . Yellow 
trionifiOrS, 2 . . Pa. yel. 
ulmifdlia . . . Yellow 
angustifulIS . Pa. yel. 
Turnsole, see HeliotrSpiam, 
Turpentine, see StlphiQm terebinthdeium. 
Turpentine-tree, see Piscaetd Tereblnthus, 
Turpinia, Ventenat. In honour of M. Turpin, a dis- 
tinguished French botanical artist and naturalist. 
Linn. 23, Or. 2, Nat. Or. Staphyleaceas. Trees of 
little beauty. They thrive well in a mixture of 
loam and peat, and are increased by cuttings in 
sand, under a glass, in heat. Synonymes: 1. Sta- 
phylea occidentalis. 2. Dalrymplea pomifera. 
occidentalls, 1 . White. . S. Er. T. Jamaica . 1824 
poiiurtra, 2 . . Yelsh. wht. 5, S. Ev. T. Sylliet . .1820 
Torr.*a, Linn. In honour of Geo. Turra, once pro- 
fessor of Botany at Padua, and author of several 
botanical works; died in 1607. Linn. 16, Or. 6, 
Nat. Or. Meliaceoe. These plants succeed well in 
loam, peat, and sand, and are easily increased by 
cuttings, planted in sand, under a glass, in heat, 
pianatd . . . . Pink . . 4, S. Ev. T. Svlhet . . 1828 
rigidi . . . .Yellow . & Ev. T. Maurit. . .1816 
Virens . . . .White. . S. Ev. T. E. Ind. . .1820 
TurritIs, Dillenius. From furris, a tower; the foliage 
is so disposed on the stems as to give them a pyra- 
midal form ; and for the same reason the plants are 
called Tower-mustard. Linn. 15, Nat. Or. Crwci^fer®. 
Hardy annuals, not worth growing — T. gldbrd, G. 
ramOsd, Grdhdml, mdllis, pdtuld, salsuginOsd, strietd. 
Tussilago, Tournefort. From tussis, a cough; for 
curing which the flowers have been employed. 
Linn. 19, Or. 2, Nat. Or. Compositae. Some of the 
species are very pretty. They succeed well in 
common soil, and are readily increased by division. 
T. Farfara is a demulcent bitter, and has been used 
to soothe irritations in the air passages ; hence its 
reputation as a pectoral medicine. Synonymes: 1. 
T. bohemica. 2. T. paradoxa. a T. lobata. 4. T. 
fomentosa. 
alba White . 
alpInS . . . .Li. pur. 
discbldr .... Li. pur. 
Farfara .... Yellow 
fdliis variegatis Yellow 
fragrans . . . White . 
frigida .... Pale . 
laevigata, 1 . . Yellow 
nivea, 2 . . . White . 
palmata, 3 . . . White . 
purpurea . . . Purple 
sagittata . . . White . 
spuria, 4 . . . White . 
. 3, H. Her. P. Europe . . 1683 
. 4, H. Her. P. Austria . 1710 
. 4, H. Her. P. Austria . 1633 
. 3, H. Her. P. Britain . . 
. 3, H. Her. P. Britain . . 
. 2, H. Her. P. Italy . .1806 
. 5, H. Her. P. Lapland . 1710 
. 5, H. Her. P. Bohemia . 1816 
. 4, H. Her. P. Switzerl. . 1713 
. 4, H. Her. P. Labrador . 1778 
. 7, F. Her. P. C. G. H. . 1824 
. 4, H. Her. P. N. Amer. . 
. 4, H. Her. P. Germany . 1790 
Petasites, P. hybridd, sylvestris. 
Tutsan, see Androswmum. 
Twayblade, see ListSrd. 
Tweedia, Hooker. In compliment to Mr. James 
Tweedie, an intelligent and indefatigable collector 
of plants in Buenos Ayres, Tucuman, S. Brazil, 
&c. Linn. 5, Or. 2, Nat. Or. Asclepiadacew. These 
very interesting plants succeed well in sandy loam, 
with a little peat mixed ; and they may be readily 
increased by cuttings or seeds. They will prove to 
be nearly, if not quite hardy, 
carulfea . . . Blu« . . H. De. Tw. B. Ayres . 1836 
versicolor . . . Blue . . 7> H. De. Tw. Tucuman . 1836 
TyixiPHdRA, R. Brown. From tylos, a swelling, and 
phoreo, to bear ; alluding to the ventricose pollen 
masses. Linn. 5, Or. 2, Nat. Or. Asclepiadacece. 
Interesting plants. For culture and propagation, 
see Hoya. 
barbatit ... . 7, S. Ev. Tw. N. S. W. . 1822 
exills . . . .Pa. pur. . 7, S. Ev. Tw. Sylhet . . 1823 
grandiflOrS . . . 7, S. Ev. Tw. N. S. W. . 1822 
Tympanis, Tode. From iympanon, a drum; the re- 
semblance of the young velum. Linn. 24, Or. 9, 
Nat. Or. Fungi. Found upon dead alder branches 
— T. dlnSd, conspersd, frdxlnl. 
Typha, Linn. From typhos, a marsh ; habitat of the 
species. Linn. 21, Or. 3, Nat. Or. Typhacece. The 
pollen of Typha is inflammable like’ that of Lyco- 
podium, and is used as a substitute for it. 
angustiffilla . . . Brown . . 6, Grass. Britain . , 
latifolia .... Brown . . 7> Grass. Britain . . 
mliilmil .... Brown . . 7, Grass. Switzerl. . . 1822 
minOr Brown . . 7, Grass. England . . 
Typhula. Fries. A diminutive of Typha, to which 
th^nbads bear a miniature resemblance. Linn. 24, 
Or. 9, Nat. Or. Fungi. Found on rotten wood and 
dead leaves — T. erythropus, JilifOrmis, grdcilis, 
Phacorhizd, tSnuis. 
Tttonia, G. Don. In honour of Arthur Tyton, F.L.S.,* 
by whom many of the oldest inhabitants of ours 
gardens are preserved, but particularly those whichB 
were formerly cultivated by Miller, and whichf 
are now only to be found in his collection. Linn. 
5, Or. 1, Nat. Or. Balsaminacece. A beautiful aquatic 
plant, worthy of a place in every collection. It 
must be grown in large pots of water, in a rich 
loamy soil, and placed in the stove or on a hotbed. 
The seeds require to be sown in spring. Synonyme: 
1 . Impatiens natans. 
naUns, 1 . . . Various . 8, S. Aq. A. E. Ind. . . 1810 
u 
U LEX, Linn. Said tobe taken from the Celtic ac, a 
point; in allusion to the prickly branches. 
Linn. 16, Or. 6, Nat. Or. Leguminosae. The double 
variety of U. Europaa is a very elegant plant, 
and is increased by young cuttings, under a hand- 
glass; the other kinds are increased by seeds. 
Synonyme: 1. U. hibernica. 
europeea . . . Yellow . 6, H. Ev. S. Britain . . 
flOrO plena . . Yellow . 5, H. Ev. S. Britain . . 
niina .... Yellow . 8, H. Ev. S. Britain . . 
provincialls . . Yellow . 7, H. Ev. S. S. Eur. . . 1823 
stricta, 1 . . . Yellow . 10, H. Ev. S. Iceland . . 
Ulloa, Persoon. In honour of Antonio Ulloa, a 
Spanish naturalist. Linn. 5, Or. 1, Nat. Or. Sola- 
tuiceoe. This species succeeds well in decayed wood, 
[ 323 ] 
or vegetable mould ; and is increased by cuttings. 
Synonyme: 1. Juanulloa parasitica. 
parasitica, 1 . . Red . . Parasite. Peru . . . 1824 
Ulmus, Linn. Supposed to be from the Saxon word 
elm, or ulm, a name which is applied, with very 
slight alterations, to the trees or this genus in all 
the dialects of the Celtic tongue. Linn. 5, Or. 2, 
Nat. Or. Vlmacece. Fine forest trees, succeeding 
best when grown on strong lands. They are in- 
creased by layers, from stools, or by grafting on the 
U. montana. Synonymes: 1. U. chinensis. 2. V. 
stricta. 3. U. humilis, microphylla, parvifolia, pti- 
mila. 4. V. planifolia. 5. U. sarniensis. 6. U. vis- 
cosa. 7. U. ciliata. 8.U.pendula. 9. U. americana, 
montana vegeta. 10. U. scabra. 11. 17. crispa. 
