VIO VIS I VIS VOL 
peunsylvaoIcS . Drk. blue 6, H. Her. P. N. Amer. . 
papUionacea . . Blue . . 5, H. Her. P. N. Amer. . 1800 
Patrlnil, 13 . Pa. blue . 6, H. Her. P. Siberia . . 1822 
pedata .... Blue . . 5, H. Her. P. N. Amer. . 1759 
flabellata, 14 . Lgt. pur. 5, H. Her. P. Georgia . . 
ranunculif0lia,15 Whitish . 6, H. Her. P. N. Amer. . 1818 
pedatifida . . . Blue . . 6. H. Her. P. N. Amer. . 1826 
pennsylyanlcS . Yellow . 6, H. Her. P. N. Amer, . 1772 
persicifdlia . . . Cream . 6, H. Her. P. Germany . 1817 
pinnata . . . .Violet . 6, H. Her. P. S. Eur. . . 1752 
praemorsa . . . Yellow . 6, H. Her. P. Columbia . 1828 
primulaefOlia . . Pa. blue . 6, H. Her. P. Carolina . 1783 
prostrata . . . Cream . 6, H. De. Tr. TenerifFe . 1824 
pubescens . . . Yellow . 6, H. Her. P. N. Amer. . 1772 
pumlla .... Pa. blue . 5, H. Her. P. France . .1818 
ericetbrum, 16 . Blue . . 6, H. Her. P. Germany . 1826 
lancifalia, 17 . Blue . . 5, H. Her. P. Germany , 
littoralls, 18 . Blue . . 6, H. Her. P. Baltic . . 
pygmaia . , . Pur. blue 8, G. Her. P. Peru . . 1822 
pyrenaica . . , Blue . . 5, H. Her. P. Pyrenees . 1817 
radlcans . , . Blue . . 6, H. Ev. Cr. Carolina . 1823 
rothomagansis . . Blue . . 7» H* Her. P. France . .1781 
rotundifolia . . Pa. yel. . 6, H. Her. P. N. Amer. . 1800 
Ruppn, 19. . . Blue . . 5, H. Her. P. Italy . . 1822 
sagittata . . . Whtblue 7. H. Her. P. N. Amer. . 1775 
sarmentusa . . . Blue . . 6, H. Er. Cr. Caucasus . 1824 
SchmidtianS . . Blue . . 5, H. Her. P. Austria. . 1821 
Selkirkn . . .Blue. . 6, H. Her. P. N. Amer. .1822 
striata .... Striped . 6, H. Her. P. N. Amer. . 1772 
sua^ds . . . .Pa. blue . 6, H. Ev. Cr. Ukraine . 1823 
sudetica, 20 . . Yellow . 7» H. Her. P. Germany . 1805 
sylvestrls . . , Blue . . 5, H. Her. P. Hungary . 1826 
trlciilAr .... Yel. pur. 8, H. Her. P. Britain . . 
arvensTs, 21 . Yel. pur. 6, H. A. Britain . . 
Slogans . . . Veiny sum H. B. Altai . . 1832 
hirta, 21 . . Pa. blue . 6, H. Her. P. Pannonia . 1820 
tripartita . . .Yellow . 6, H. Her. P. N. Amer. . 1823 
uliginosa . . . Purple . 4, H. Her. P. Carinthia . 1823 
uniflora .... Yellow . 6, H. Her. P. Siberia . . 1774 
valderia . . .Purple . 5, H. Her. P. Mt Cenis .1759 
variegata . . . Pa. vio. . 5, H. Her. P. Dahuria . 1817 
Villarsiana, 23 . Blue . . 6, H. Her. P. Vallesia . 1826 
ZCysil .... Yellow . 8. H. Her. P. Carinthia . 
Violaceous, violet-coloured. 
Violet, see Ftd/d. 
Violet thlaspi, see Clypebli Idn Thldsiil. 
ViORNA, see Clematis ViOrna. 
Viper’s uugixiss, see EchlQm. 
V iper’s grass, see Scorzontra. 
Virens, green, flourishing. 
ViRESCENT, greenish. 
VirgTlTa. Lamarck dedicated this genus to the poet 
Virgil, whose Georgies contain many things inter- 
esting to botanists. Linn. 10, Or. 1, Nat. Or. Legu- 
minoste. The greenhouse species are very elegant 
when in blossom; they succeed well in a mixture 
of loan), peat, and sand, and are increased by young 
cuttings, in sand, under a glass. V. lutea is an 
elegant hardy tree, well suited for .shrubberies or 
pleasure grounds. It is commonly propagated by 
laying down the shoots in autumn or spring, 
nonymes : 1. Robinia capensis. 2. Sophora sylvatica. 
aOrgi .... Yellow . 7, 0. Ev. S. Abyssinia . 1777 
capensis . . . Pur. wht. . 7. 0. Ev. S. C. G. H. . 1767 
inirusi .... Pa. yel. . 7, G. Ev. S- C. 0. H. . 1790 
lutea .... Yellow . 7, H. De. T. N. Amer. . 1812 
robinioldgs, 1 . . Yellnw . 8, G. Ev. S. C. G. H. . 1818 
sylvatica, 2 . . Yellow . 8, G. Ev. S. C. G. H. . 1816 
Virginian creeper, see AmpelOpsis hederdcH. 
Virginian hemp, see Acnida. 
Virginian poke, see Phytolacca decandrd. 
Virgin’s bower, see Clematis Viticella. 
VTrIlis, stout, strong, vigorous. 
ViRosOs, rank, poisonous. 
ViscarTa, RoeA/er. From vzjci/s, birdlime ; in allusion 
to the glutinous stems of the species. Linn. 10, Or. 
5, Nat. Or. Silenacece. For culture and propagation, 
see Lychnis. 
gracilis . ... Yellow . 6, H. A. Texas . . 18.34 
grandiflora . . Yellow . 7, H. A. Texas . . 1835 
Viscosus, clammy, like bird-lime. 
ViscuM, Tournefort. From visrvj, bird-lime; on 
account of the sticky nature of the berries. Linn. 
22, Or. 4, Nat. Or. Loranthaceas. The Mistletoe is 
a well-known parasite, readily propagated by 
sticking the berries on thorn or apple-trees, after a 
little of the outer bark has been cut off, and tying 
a shade or mat over them, to protect them from the 
birds. Its branches are much sought after at 
Christmas to hang up in houses aXpog with other 
evergreens. 
VisMiA, Vandelli. In honour of M. de Visme, a Lisbon 
merchant. Linn. 18, Or. 4, Nat. Or. Hypericacece. 
These plants succeed well in a mixture of loam 
and peat, and are increased by young cuttings, 
planted in sand, under a glass, in heat. Synonynu : 
1 . Hypericum guianense. 
brasiliensis . . Yellow . 8, S. Ev. S. Brazil . . 1824 
glabra .... Red . . 7. S. Ev. S. S. Amer. . 1824 
guianensis, 1 . . Yellow . 8, S. Ev. S. Guiana . . 1824 
VisNKA, Linn. Origin unknown. Linn. 11, Or. 
3, Nat Or. not yet ascertained. This imper- 
fectly known plant may be grown in loam and peat, 
and increased by cuttings, in sand, under a glass, 
probably in a little heat. 
Mocanera . . . White. . G. Ev. S. Canaries . 1815 
ViTEX, Linn. From vieo, to bind ; in allusion to the 
flexible branches. Linn. 14, Or. 2, Nat. Or. Verbe- 
nacece. Interesting plants. The stove and green- 
house species succeed best in a mixture of loam and 
peat, and are increased by cuttings, in sand, under 
a glass ; those of the stove species in heat. The 
hardy kinds succeed in any common, tolerably dry 
soil, and are increased by cuttings, planted in 
autumn, under a glass. Synonymes: 1. V. Negundo. 
2. Wallrothia leucoxylon. R V. rotundifolia. 
Agnus-Castus . Wht. blue H. De. S. Sicily . .1570 
latifdliS . . . Wht. blue 9, H. De. S. Sicily . .1570 
alaU .... Purple . 9, S. Ev, S. E. Ind. . . 1820 
altissima . . . Purple . S. Ev, S. Ceylon . . 1802 
arbdrea .... Purple . S. Ev. T. 
blcdlfir .... Purple . S. Ev. S. E. Ind. . . 1810 
incisS, 1 . , . Purple . 8, G. Ev. S. China . . 1758 
Leucdxylftn, 2 . Purple . S. Ev. S. Ceylon . . 1793 
Negundd . . . Purple . S. Ev. S. E.'ind. . . 1812 
ovfita, 3 ... Purple . 7> G. Ev. S. China . . 1796 
triflbra .... Purple . S. Ev. S. Cayenne . 1819 
trifelia .... Purple . S. Ev. 6. E.'ind. . . 1759 
umbrOsa . . . Purple . S. Ev. T. Jamaica . 1823 
VItTs, Linn. From the Celtic gwid, signifying the 
best of trees. Wine is derived n-om the Celtic word 
gwin. Linn. 6, Or. 1, Nat. Or. Vitacece. A very 
valuable genus of plants. V. vinifera, or common 
grape-vine, with its very numerous garden vari- 
eties, is in general cultivation for its much esteemed 
fruit. It must be grown in a strong, very rich 
soil, to have it in perfection. It is readily increased 
by cuttings or layers. None of the other species 
are worth cultivating. The acid of grapes is chiefly 
tartaric; malic acid, however, exists in them. 
Synonymes: 1. V. vulpina. 2. V.indica. 3. V. aesti- 
valis sinuata. 4. V. laciniosa. 
aestivalis, 1 . . Green . . H. De. Cl. N. Amer. . 1656 
caribbaeS, 2 . . Green . , F, De. Cl. W. Ind. . 1800 
cordifOlU . . . Green . . H. De. Cl. N. Amer. . 1806 
dentau .... H. De. Cl. . 1820 
glabrau . . . S. Ev. Cl. E. Ind. . .1819 
Indica .... Green . . S. Ev. Cl. E. Ind. . . 1692 
Labrusca . . . Green . . H. De. Cl. N. Amer. . 1656 
baccls albis . . Green . . H. De. Cl. N. Amer. . 1 805 
PuranI .... H. De. Cl. Nepal . .1820 
riparia .... . 5, H. De. Cl. N. Amer. . 1806 
rotundifdlia . . Green . . H. De. Cl. N. Amer. . 1806 
sinuata, 3 . . Green , . H. De. Cl. N. Amer. . 
vinifera .... Green . . 6, H. De. Cl. Various . . 
apiifdlia, 4 . . Green . . 6, H. De. CL . 1648 
foL incanis . . Green . . 6, H. De. CL Seedling 
foL rubescentibus Green . . 6, H. De. Cl. Seedling . 
VittarTa, Smith. From vitta, a riband; shape of 
narrow fronds. Linn. 24, Or. 1, Nat. Or. Polypodia 
accas. Interesting species of Fern, succeeding in 
loam and peat, and increased by division or seeds, 
graminifdlia . . Brown . 7, S. Her. P. Brazil . . 1820 
lineata . . Brown . 8, S. Her. P. America . 1793 
Viviparous, bearing young plants in the place of 
flowers and seed. 
Voandzeia, Thouars. Voandzou is the name of the 
plant in Madagascar. Linn. 23, Or. 1, Nat. Or. 
Leguminosce. For culture and propagation, see 
Arachis. Synonyme: 1. Glycine subterra nea. 
subterranaa, 1 . Yellow i 7, S. Cr. A. Africa . . 1823 
VolkamerTa, Linn. In honour of J. G. Volkamer, a 
German botanist. Linn. 14, Or. 2, Nat. Or. Verbe- 
nacea. Interesting plants, succeeding well in 
sandy loam and peat, and increased by cuttings, in 
sand, under a glass, in heat, 
aculeata . , . White . 9, S. Ev. S. W. Ind. . 1739 
iapdDicS . . . Purple . 0. Ev. T. Japan . . 1820 
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