Witch hazel, see HamamSlls. 
WitherJngxa, L^Herilier. In honour of William 
Withering, M.D., author of a “ Botanical Arrange- 
ment of the Vegetables of Great Britain,’^ Bir- 
mingham, 1776. Linn. 5, Or. l,Nat. Or. Solanaceoe. 
Interesting plants, thriving well in a light rich 
soil, and readily increasing by cuttings, under a 
glass, or by seeds. W. phyllantha should be raised 
on a gentle hotbed in spring, and, when of sufficient 
size, planted in the open border. 
crassifOUa . . Yellow . 6, G. Ev. S. C. G. H. . 1706 
montSna . • • White. . 6, G. Her. P. Peru • . 1622 
phyllantha . . Yellow . 7, G. A. Peru . . 1822 
pinnatifidS . . Blue . . 7, G. Her. P. Peru . . 1822 
purpurea . . . Pa. pur. . 7, G. Tu. P. Chile . . 1829 
solanacfea . . . Yellow . 7, S. Her. P. S. Amer. . 1742 
stramonifdlia . Yellow . 6, S. Ev. S. Mexico . . 1823 
Withy, see Laserpitinm SUSr. 
WiTSENiA, Linn. In honour of M. Witsen, a Dutch 
patron of Botany. Linn. 3, Or. 1, Nat. Or. IWdaceoe. 
Ornamental plants, succeeding best in a sandy peat 
soil, and increased by offsets from the roots, or by 
seeds. 
corymbosa . . . Pur. blue 6, G. Her. P. C. G. H. . 1803 
matira .... Yel. blue 12, G. Her. P. C. G. H. . 1790 
ramosa . . . . Pur. blue 4, G. Her. P. C. G. H. .1819 
WoAD, see Isdtis. 
Wolf’s-bane, see Aconiium lupultnum. 
Woodbine, see CaprifOltum Periclymenum. 
Woodbine, see Polygonum Convolvulus. 
Wood everlasting pea, see Ldthyrus sylvestrls. 
WooDROOF, see Asperuln. 
Wood sage, see TeUcrlum ScorodOntum. 
WoodsIa, R. Brown. In honour of Joseph Woods, a 
British botanist. Linn. 24, Or. 1, Nat. Or. Poly- 
podiaceee. Ferns, growing best in peat and loam 
mixed, and increased by division, or by seeds. 
hyperbOrea . . Brown . 7, H. Her. P. Scotland . 
ilVen.sIs .... Brown . 6, H. Her. P Britain . . 
Perriniana . . . Brown . 6, H. Her. P. N. Amer. . 
Wood sorrel, see Oxalis. 
WooDWARDiA, Smith. In honour of Thomas Jenkin- 
son Woodward, an English botanist. Linn. 24, Or. 
1, Nat. Or. PolypodiaceoB. For culture and propa- 
gation, see Woodsia. Synonymes : 1. W. onocleoides, 
Osmunda caroliniana, 2. Blechnum virgiaicum. 
X aNTHIUM, Tourn^ort. Vrom xanthos, yellow ; 
the plants being formerly used by the Greeks 
to dye their hair. Linn. 21, Or. 5, Nat. Or. Com- 
posites. Plants of no great beauty. The seed may 
be sown in the open border. * 
canadens# . . . Green . . 7, H. A. N. Amer. . 1700 
catbarticum . . Green . . 7, H. A. S. Amer. . 1824 
macrocarpum . . Green . . 7, H. A. France . . 1817 
echindtUm, orientals, spinOsOm, Strumdrium. 
Xanthoch?mus, see Stalagmttls. 
Xanthorhiza, Marsh. From xanthos, yellow, and 
rhixa, a root; the roots being of a deep yellow 
colour. Linn. 5, Or. 6, Nat. Or. Ranunculaceae. 
An interesting dwarf shrub, succeeding well in 
common garden soil, and increased by suckers. 
The wood contains both a gum and a resin, each of 
which is intensely bitter. 
apiifdlia . . . Pur. grn. . 2, H. Ev. S. N. Amer. . 1766 
Xanthorrh^a, Swartz. From xanthos, yellow, and 
rheo, to flow ; yellow resinous exudation. Linn. 6, 
Or. 1, Nat. Or. Liliaceas. These plants thrive well 
in a mixture of peat and loam, and are increased 
by offsets from the roots. Synonyms : 1. X.pumilio. 
australis . . . White . . 4, G. Ev. S. N. Holl. . 1824 
bracteata . . . White. . 4, G. Her. P. N. S. W. . 1810 
hSstills . . . .White. .4, G. Ev. S. N. S. W. .1803 
humilis, 1 . . .White. . G. Her. P. N. HoU. .1825 
media .... White . . 4, G. Ev. S. N. Holl. . 1803 
minor .... White . . 4. G. Her. P. N. S. W. . 1804 
Xanthosia, Decandolle. From xanthos, yellow; in 
allusion to the yellow down with which some 
species belonging to this genus are clothed. Linn. 
6, Or. 2, Nat. Or. Vmbelliferee. A very curious 
[ 335 ] 
^angustifOlia , I . Brown . 8, H. Her. Cr. N. Amer. . 1812 
radicans . . . Brown . 7, G. Her. P. Madeira . 1779 
virginica, 2 . . Brown . 8, H. Her. P. N. Amer. . 1724 
Worm grass, see SpigSlld. 
WormIa, Rottboll. In honour of Olaus Wormius, 
M.D., a famous Danish philosopher and naturalist. 
Linn. 13, Or. 5, Nat. Ox. Dilleniacex. This is a very 
elegant stove plant. For culture and propagation, 
see Dillenia. Synonyms : Dillenia denlata. 
dentata, 1 . . . Yellow . S. Ev. T. Ceylon . . 1818 
Wormwood, see Artemisid. 
Woundwort, see Anthytlis vulnerdrid. 
Wrack grass, see Zosterd. 
WrIghtia, R. Brown. After the late William Wright, 
M.D., F.R.S., L. and E., F.L.S., a Scotch physician 
and botanist, resident in Jamaica. Linn.b, Or. 1, 
Nat. Or. Apocynaceas. Ornamental plants. For 
culture and propagation, see Strophanthas. Syno- 
nymes: \. Neriumantidysentericum. 2. N. coccineum. 
antidysentarica, 1 White. . S. Ev. S. Ceylon . . 1778 
cocciuea, 2. . . Scarlet . 7> S. Ev. T. E. Ind. . . 1822 
pub^scens . . . Grn. yel. . 3, S. Ev. S. N. HolL . 1829 
tinctoria . . . White. . S. Ev. S. E. Ind. . . 1812 
Wulfenia, Jacquin. In honour of the Rev. Francis 
Xavl^ Wulfen, a botanical author. Linn. 2, Or. 1, 
Nat. Or. Scrophulariacees. This is a very showy 
plant when in blossom ; and is well adapted for 
ornamenting flower-borders. A light rich soil suits 
it, and it is readily increa.sed by division or seeds. 
It requires the protection of a frame in winter, as 
it is very apt to rot at that season, if allowed to 
remain in the open air. 
carinthiaca . . Blue . . 7. H. Her. P. Carinthia .1817 
WuRMBkS, Thunberg. In honour of F. Van V ^rmb. 
Secretary to the Academy of Sciences at Batavia. 
Linn. 6, Or. 3, Nat. Or. Melanthaceos. Pretty plants 
when in flower. They grow well in sandy peat, 
mixed with a little loam, and are readily increased 
by offsets. Synonymes; \. Melanthiummonopetalum. 
2. M. spicatum. 
campanulata, 1 . White. . 6, G. Bl. P. C. G. H. . 1819 
longiflora . . .White. . 6, G. Bl. P. C. G. H. .1788 
punnla . . . ». White . . 5, F. Bl. P. C. G. H. . 1800 
purpurea, 2 . Purple . 5, G. Bl. P. C. G. H. . 1788 
I Wych elm, see Ulmus montdnd. 
X. 
under- shrub, succeeding well in a mixture of loam, 
peat, and sand, and readily increased by cuttings, 
or seeds. 
rotundifOlia . . Wht. red . 6, G. Ev. S. Pt. Jackson 1036 
Xanthoxylum, Linn. From xanthos, yellow, and 
xylon, wood : the roots are yellow. Linn. 22, Or. 
6, Nat. Or. Xanthoxyluceas. Ornamental trees and 
shrubs. The hardy species, from their beauty, are 
well adapted for planting in shrubberies. They 
grow freely in any common garden soil, and are 
readily increased by cuttings of the ripened wood, 
planted under a glass. The stove and greenhouse 
kinds are of easy culture, and are increased by 
cuttings, in sand, under a glass. The bark and 
capsules of X. fraxineum have a hot, acrid taste, 
and are used for easing the toothache; hence the 
name Toothache tree. X. Avicenna and Piperitum 
are used In China and Japan as an antidote against 
all poisons, and in Japan the capsules of the latter 
species are used as a substitute for pepper. Syno- 
nymes : 1. Fagara Budrunga. 2. F. Piperita. 3. 
F. Pterota. 4. F. tragodes. 
S. Ev. S. Jamaica. . 1818 
S. Ev. S. E. Ind. . . 1816 
S. Ev. S. W. Ind. . 1824 
G. Ev. 8. China . .1823 
3, S. Ev. T. E. Ind. . .1825 
a. Ev. 8. W. Ind. . 1739 
S. Ev. S. Jamaica . 1739 
3, H. De. S. N. Amer. . 1759 
N. Amer. '. 1818 
China . . 1823 
1773 
1768 
acuminatCm . . 
aromaticum . . 
Aviefinnae . . . 
Budrungii, 1 . , White . 
cISva Herculls . . Grn. wht. 
emarginatum . . Gm. wht. 
fraxinSum . . . Grn. wht. 
mite Yellowish 3, H. De. 8. 
nitidum . . . Gm. wht. . S. Ev. S. 
Piperitum, 2 . . White . . 9, 0. Ev. S. Japan . 
PterOta, 3 . . . White . . 8, S. Ev. T. Jamaica 
