20 
respect for persons, etc., notwithstanding their undeniable impor- 
tance, are relatively accessory. 
Art. 5 . The principles and forms of nomenclature should be 
as similar as practicable in botany and zoölog}% but special usages, 
long established or foufid expedie?it in one of these sciences, need not be 
'^ejected because not practiced in the other. 
Art. 77 bis. The nomenclature of sperniatophytes shall be regarded 
as beginning at the date of publication of the ist edition of Linfiaeus's 
Species Plantarum in tJSJ. The 7W7ne7iclature of other g7'0ups of 
plants shall begm at ... .^ 
Art. 55 bis. Whe7i two or more 7iames have bee7i proposed for the 
same plant or groiip of plants by simulta?ieous publicatiofi m the same 
work, the first {in positio7i) nmst be regarded as valid and those which 
follow must be treated as sy7i07iy77is. A71 exceptio7i should be 77iade 
whe7i it is fowid that the first 7ia77ie was based up07i a teratological or 
pathological state. 
Art. 57 . When a section or a species is moved into another genus, 
when a variety or some other division of a species is given as such 
to another species, the name of the section, the specific name or that 
of the division of the species, should be maintained, unless there arise 
one of the obstacles mentioned in Articles 62 and 63 . If, however, 
m the case of a spermatophyte, this 7'ule has 7iot bee7i obse/'ved, 710 7ie2V 
co77ibi7iatio7i should be later substituted for the 07ie already created, eve7i 
if the purpose of such later co77ibi7iatio7i be the 7-ei7istateme7it of an earlier 
specific, subspecific, varietal, or for7nal 7iame, 
Art. 59 . Nobody is authorized to change a name or co7nbi7iatio7i 
because it is badly chosen or disagreeable, or another is preferable 
or better known, or because of the existe7ice of a7i earlier homo7iy7n 
which is U7iiversally regarded as mvalid, or fro77i any other motive, 
either contestable or of little import. 
1 Note. — This date to be at or near 1800, and to be determined more exactly 
by a committee of specialists in cryptogamie botany appointed by the Interna- 
tional Congress. 
