THE INFLORESCENCE 
65 
Monochasial cymes are of four types, the ground-plans of which are 
represented in the figure. If each successive lateral branch fall upon 
the same side of the relatively main axis, we get the two cases repre- 
sented by B and E ; the former is termed a bostryx (Schraubel), and is 
found in Hemerocallis, Hypericum, &c. ; the latter is termed a dre- 
panium (Sichel), and occurs in Juncaceae, &c. If each successive 
lateral branch fall in turn on one side and on the other of the relatively 
main axis, we get the cases represented by C and D. The former is 
termed a cincinnus (Wickel) ; it occurs in Helianthemum, Boraginaceae, 
Hydrophyllaceae, Pentaphragma, Tradescantia, &c., and is coiled up 
in the bud like a crosier. The latter is similar but has all the flowers 
in one plane instead of two ; it is termed a rhipidium (Fachel) and is 
found in Iris, &C . 1 
Most monochasial inflorescences straighten out more or less into 
sympodia, which have the appearance of racemes, but are distinguished 
by the fact that the apparent lateral branches of the raceme are not in 
the axils of the leaves, but usually opposite to these organs. 
A considerable number of the flowering plants possess 
mixed inflorescences, in which some of the branchings are 
cymose, some racemose. 
E.g. in Aesculus the primary branching is racemose, but the lateral 
shoots each form a cincinnus (this inflorescence is usually termed 
a panicle; see above). In Labiatae the primary branching is racemose, 
the lateral shoots are dichasial. Other examples are Betulaceae, 
Verbascum, Morina, Ceratostigma. In Statice the primary branching 
is racemose, but the lateral shoots are drepania. In Iiaemanthus and 
many other Amaryllidaceae the apparent umbel is really made up of 
‘ condensed ’ bostryx-cymes. In Allium and others the ‘ condensation ’ 
is greater and cymose heads are formed. Some species of Juncus have 
heads of drepania, and so on. Many Umbelliferae have cymose heads 
or umbels, also Sparmannia, Armeria, Dipsaceae, &c. These inflo- 
rescences are distinguished from true heads, &c. , by the fact that the 
order of opening of the flowers is not centripetal. 
The simplicity of the morphology of the inflorescence is 
interfered with by adnation (p. 42) even more often than 
that of the vegetative shoot. Cf. Solanaceae, Samolus, 
Cuphea, Tilia, Erythrochiton, Chailletia, Spathicarpa, Spathi- 
phyllum, &c. 
Another peculiar case is the reduction of a complex 
inflorescence to a simple one by suppression (p. 31) of its 
1 The terms scorpioid cyme and helicoid cyme are avoided, on 
account of the hopeless confusion of their definitions in the various 
text-books. The student may familiarise himself with these forms of 
cymes by constructing models out of matches with sharpened lower 
ends (the head representing the flower). 
w. 
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