132 
ENGLERS SYSTEM 
Cohort 4. Contortae (fir. usually 5-, rarely 2 — 6-merous, usually 
sympetalous; sta. usually as many as petals, sometimes fewer, rarely 
hypogynous, usually united at base to corolla; cpls. (2); corolla usually 
convolute, sometimes valvate; leaves usually opposite, undivided and 
exstipulate) : 
N. O. 239. Oleaceae. 240. Salvadoraceae. 241. Loganiaceae. 
242. Gentianaceae. 243. Apocynaceae. 244. Asclepiadaceae. 
Cohort 5. Tubiflorae (fir. typically with 4 isomerous whorls, or 
more often with reduction in gynoeceum, or if zygomorphic also in 
androeceum; sta. epipetalous; ovule with 1 integument): 
A. Firs, usually regular; cpls. with few or 2 seeds with micropyle 
directed downwards; fruit seldom splitting into 4 nutlets; leaves 
usually alternate. 
N. O. 245. Convolvulaceae. 246. Polemoniaceae. 
B . As last, but micropyle directed upwards. Capsule or drupe, or 
splitting into nutlets. 
N. O. 247. Hydrophyllaceae. 248. Boraginaceae. 
C. Firs, usually zygomorphic; cpls. usually with 2, rarely 1 ovule; 
leaves usually opposite or in whorls; drupe, or drupe- or nut-like 
mericarps. 
N. O. 249. Verbenaceae. 250. Labiatae. 
D. Fir. regular or more often zygomorphic, typically 5-merous; 
sta. 5, 4 or 2; cpls. rarely (5), usually (2), with mostly 00, rarely 2 — 1 
ovules; fruit usually a capsule, sometimes berry or drupe; capsule 
loculicidal only nearly to the base) : 
N. O. 251. Nolanaceae. 252. Solanaceae. 253. Scrophu- 
lariaceae. 254. Bignoniaceae. 255. Pedaliaceae. 256. Martyni- 
aceae. 257. Orobanchaceae. 258. Gesneraceae. 259. Columelli- 
aceae. 260. Lentibulariaceae. 261. Globulariaceae. 
E. Firs, usually zygomorphic, typically 5-merous; sta. 4 or 2; 
cpls. (2) with usually co seeds; capsule loculicidal to very base: 
N. O. 262. Acanthaceae. 
F. Fir. 5-merous, regular or zygomorphic; cpls. (2), each with 
2 — 4 — 8 ovules, or (2 — 00 ), each with 1 pendulous ovule with micropyle 
facing upwards; drupe, with chambered endocarp or 2 — 00 stones. 
N. O. 263. Myoporaceae. 
G. Fir. zygomorphic; 1 cpl. with 1 orthotropous ovule directed 
upwards. 
N. O. 264. Phrymaceae. 
Cohort 6. Plantaginales (flr. 4-merous, isomerous except in cpls., 
£ or unisexual, regular; leaves alternate; mostly herbs). 
N. O. 265. Plantaginaceae. 
D. Sympetaly : epigyny the rule. 
A. Sta. free. 
Cohort 7. Rubiales (fir. typically 5 — 4-merous with isomerous or 
oligomerous sta. and cpls., regular or zygomorphic or irregular; G 
multi-loc. or i-loc. with 00 — 1 anatropous ovules in each loc.; leaves 
usually opposite). 
N. O. 2 66. Rubiaceae. 267. Caprifoliaceae. 268. Adoxaceae. 
269. Valerianaceae. 270. Dipsacaceae. 
