2 28 
ALB1ZZ1A 
World. A. Lebbek Benth. (siris) and others yield valuable timber. 
Some, e.g. A. stipulata Boiv. (sau) and A. moluccana Miq., are 
used as shade for other cultivations, such as tea. The last named 
is probably the most rapidly growing large tree in the world ; in good 
soil it grows on an average io feet in height, and i foot in girth, 
every year. 
Albuca Linn. Liliaceae (v). 30 sp. Afr. Outer sta. often staminodes. 
Alchemilla Linn. Rosaceae (111. 9). 40 sp. temp., and trop. Mts. 
Fir. inconspicuous, with epicalyx, apetalous ; sta. 2 or 4; cpls. 1 — 4, 
each with 1 ovule. Achenes enclosed in dry receptacle. A. arvensis 
Scop, (parsley piert), A. vulgaris L. (lady’s mantle), and A. alpina 
L. in Brit. The last covers large areas in the Highlands; it has hairy 
leaves, more divided than those of A. vulgaris , and the change from 
one type to the other is very noticeable in ascending the hills. The 
firs, of all Brit. sp. are visited by flies. Some sp. are parthenogenetic 
{cf. Angiospermae), and some show a kind of chalazogamic fertilisa- 
tion {cf. Chalazogamae). 
Alchornea Sw. Euphorbiaceae (A. II. 2). 30 sp. trop. A. (Coelebogyne) 
ilicifolia Mull.-Arg. is only cultivated in the female form, but 
produces good seed. Adventitious embryos are produced by the 
budding of the nucellus tissue round the embryo-sac {cf. Funkia, and 
Angiospermae). 
Aldrovanda Monti. Droseraceae. 1 sp., A. vesiculosa L., Eur., As. 
It is a rootless swimming plant, with whorls of leaves. Each of these 
has a stalk portion and at the end of this a few bristles and a blade 
like that of Dionaea (q.v.) provided with glands and trigger hairs. 
Mucilage is also secreted by stellate hairs on the leaf. Small water 
animals are captured and digested as in Dionaea (see Darwin, Goebel, 
&c. and p. 178). Winter buds (p. 159) are formed in colder climates. 
Alectorolophus Hall. = Rhinanthus Linn. 
Aletris Linn. Liliaceae (ix). 8 sp. E. As. and N. Am. (Haemodo- 
raceae, Bentham and Hooker). 
Aleurites Forst. Euphorbiaceae (A. 11. 3). 5 sp. trop. and subtrop. 
Extrafloral nectaries occur on the petiole and at the ends of the large 
leaf-veins {cf. Groom, Ann. of Bot. 1894). A. triloba Forst. (candle 
nut) and others are cultivated for their oil. 
Alfredia Cass. = Carduus Linn, (same specific names). 
Alhagi Tourn. ex Adans. Leguminosae (ill. 7). 3 sp. Steppes and 
Medit. Thorny xerophytes. In the dry season the rootstock is blown 
about by the wind. A honey-like sap exudes from all sp. in hot 
weather, hardening into brownish lumps during the night (manna). 
Alibertia A. Rich. Rubiaceae (1. 8). 20 sp. trop. Am. 
Alisma Linn. (incl. Caldesia Pari.). Alismaceae. 6 sp. cosmop. 
A. Plantago L., the water-plantain, in Brit. Sta. 6, due to doubling 
of outer whorl, coherent at the base, forming a nectary. For A. natans 
L. see Elisma. 
Alismaceae. Monocotyledons (Helobieae). 10 gen. with 50 sp. temp. 
