270 
BORAGTNACEAE 
...Many sp., in the course of their individual development, seem to 
recapitulate to us the evolution of their colours — white, rosy, blue in 
several sp. of Myosotis; yellow, bluish, violet in M. versicolor ; and 
red, violet, blue in Pulmonaria, Echium &c. Here, white and yellow 
seem to have been the primitive colours; and, at least in many cases, 
violet and blue seem to have been preceded by red — an assumption 
which is strengthened by the fact that many blue and violet sp. 
(Myosotis, Anchusa, Symphytum) give us white and rose-red varieties, 
apparently by reversion to more primitive characters.” (Miiller.) 
Many B. are heterostyled, e.g. Pulmonaria. The firs, of many sp. 
are pendulous (and thus bee-flowers), e.g. Borago, Symphytum. 
Echium is gynodioecious. 
Classification and chief genera (after Giirke) : 
A. Style terminal : drupe. 
I. CORDIOIDEA E (style twice bi-lobed) : Cordia. 
II. EHRET 10 IDEAE (style simple or bi-lobed or double; no 
ring of hairs) : Ehretia. 
III. HELIOTROPIOIDEAE (ditto, but ring of hairs near tip of 
style): Tournefortia, Heliotropium. 
B. Style gynobasic : achenes. 
IV. B ORA GINOIDEA E : 
a. Achenes 4. 
1. Cynoglosseae (flr. reg. ; base of style more or less conical; 
tips of achenes not projecting above pt. of attachment) : 
Omphalodes, Cynoglossum, Rindera. 
2. Eritrichieae (do., but tips projecting above pt. of attach- 
ment) : Echinospermum, Eritrichium, Cryptanthe. 
3. Anchuseae (flr. reg.; base of style flat or slightly convex; 
achenes with concave attachment surface) : Symphytum, 
Borago, Anchusa, Alkanna, Pulmonaria. 
4. Lithospermeae (do., but surface of attachment flat) : Myo- 
sotis, Lithospermum, Arnebia, Cerinthe. 
5. Echieae (flr. zygomorphic) : Echium. 
b. Achenes more or less than 4. 
6. Harpagonelleae (ach. 2) : Harpagonella, Rochclia (only 
gen.). 
7. Zoellerieae { ach. 10): Zoelleria (only gen.). 
[Placed in Nuculiferae by Eichler (Warming), in Polemoniales by 
Benth. -Hooker.] 
Boragineae (Benth. -Hooker) = Boraginaceae. 
Borago Linn. Boraginaceae (iv. 3). 3 sp. Medit., Eur., As. B. offici- 
nalis L. in Brit. The borage is largely cultivated for bee feeding. 
It has a typical bee-flower. The blue pendulous flr. secretes honey 
below the ovary; the elastic sta. form a cone and dehisce introrsely 
from apex to base, the pollen ripening gradually and trickling into 
the tip of the cone. Insects probing for honey dislocate the sta., 
