CABRALEA 
2 79 
Butomaceae. Monocotyledons (Helobieae). 4 gen. with 5 sp ., trop. 
and temp. Water and marsh herbs with leaves of various types. 
Infl. usually a cymose umbel. Fir. $ , regular, 2- or 3-merous, hypo- 
gynous. Perianth 6, in two whorls, the outer sepaloid, the inner 
petaloid (exc. Butomus). Sta. 9-00, with introrse anthers. Cpls. 
6 - 00 , apocarpous, with 00 anatropous ovules scattered over their 
inner walls [cf. Nymphaea), except on midrib and edges. Follicles; 
seed ex-albuminous ; embryo straight or horse-shoe shaped. The 
order is united to Alismaceae by Warming, and by Benth.-Hooker. 
Chief genera : Butomus, Hydrocleis. 
Butomus Linn. Butomaceae. 1 sp., B. umbellatus L., the flowering 
rush, in temp. As., Eur. (incl. Brit.). The infl. consists of a terminal 
fir. surrounded by 3 bostryx-cymes. 
Butyrospermum Kotschy. Sapotaceae (1). 2 sp. Afr. The oily seeds 
of B. Parkii Kotschy when pressed yield shea butter. 
Buxaceae. Dicotyledons (Archichl. Sapindales). 6 gen. with 30 sp. 
temp, and trop. Evergreen shrubs with exstip. leathery leaves, and 
no latex. Firs, in heads or spikes, unisexual, regular, apetalous or 
naked. Sta. 4-00. G usually (3), 3-locular, with 3 styles which 
are persistent on the fruit. Ovules 2 - 1 in each loc., pendulous, 
anat., with dorsal raphe. Loculicidal capsule, or drupe. Seed 
with caruncle or none. Endosperm. United to Euphorbiaceae by 
Benth.-Hooker, but the dorsal raphe places it in Sapindales and 
it differs in the dehiscence of the fruit ; placed in Tricoccae by 
Eichler (Warming). Chief genera : Buxus, Pachysandra. 
Buxus Linn. Buxaceae. 19 sp., 8 in Old World, 11 in W. Ind. B. 
sempervirens L. is the box, common in gardens. The firs, are in 
heads, a terminal ? flr. surrounded by a number of $ firs. The 
fruit dehisces explosively, the inner layer of the pericarp separating 
from the outer and shooting out the seeds by folding into a U-shape 
(cf. Viola). The wood of the box is exceedingly firm and close-grained, 
and is largely used in turning, wood-engraving &c. 
Byblis Salisb. Lentibulariaceae (usually in Droseraceae, but cf Lang 
in Flora 88, p. 179). 2 sp. Austr. Insectivorous undershrubs, with 
stalked and sessile glands like Pinguicula. 
Byrsonima Rich. Malpighiaceae. 90 sp. Cent, and S. Am., W. Ind. 
Fruit a drupe, edible. The bark of some sp. is used in tanning. 
Bystropogon L’Herit. Labiatae (vi. 11). 14 sp. Andes, Canary Is. 
Cabomba Aubl. Nymphaeaceae (11). 4 sp. trop. and sub-trop. Am. 
Water plants with peltate floating leaves and much-divided submerged 
leaves (see p. 163 and cf. Ranunculus, Trapa). The flr. is 3-merous 
(P 3 -P 3, A. 3 — 6, G- usually 3) and fully apocarpous (thus forming a 
link to the other Ranales, with which the gynoeceum of most N. does 
not agree). Fruit of closed follicles. Seed without aril, with endo- 
and peri-sperm. Ovules sometimes attached to the cpl. midrib . 
Cabralea A. Juss. Meliaceae. 25 sp. trop. Am. 
