CAPNOPHYLL UM 
291 
The pol.en is shed upon the style in the bud ; insects alight on 
the labellum, touch first the terminal stigma and then the pollen. 
The rhizome of C. edulis Ker-Gawl. is edible, containing large 
quantities of starch. 
Cannabaceae (Warming) = § IV. of Moraceae {q-v.). 
Cannabis (Tourn.) Linn. Moraceae (iv). 1 sp. Cent. As., C. sativa 
L., the hemp. Infl. like that of Humulus <? , dioecious. The hemp 
is largely cultivated both in temperate and tropical regions, in the 
former for the fibre, in the latter for the drug. A valuable fibre, 
used for ropes and other purposes, is obtained from the inner bark 
of the stem, in much the same way as flax is prepared from that of 
Linum, and for this purpose the plant is cultivated in S. Europe, the 
eastern U. S., and other countries. In the tropics, on the other hand, 
and more especially in India, the plant is cultivated for the sake of 
the narcotic resin which exudes from it, and which is used in a some- 
what similar way to opium, both as a drug and as a stimulant. The 
drug occurs in three common forms, ganja, charas, and bhang. The 
first is the ? flowering tops with the resin on them, packed together, 
the second, which comes from rather cooler climates, is the resin 
knocked off the leaves, twigs, bark, &c., and the third, which is 
largely obtained from the wild plants, is the mature leaves, with 
their resinous deposit, packed together. Asiatics are much addicted 
to the use of hemp as a narcotic. It is smoked, with or without 
tobacco, and an intoxicating liquor, hashish, is made from it. The 
resin has an intoxicating stimulant effect. In small quantities it 
produces pleasant excitement, passing into delirium and catalepsy 
if the quantity be increased. The names given to the plant among 
them indicate this use of it, e.g . leaf of delusion, increaser of pleasure, 
cementer of friendship. The sale of ganja and charas is kept in check 
in India by a stringent licensing system, but that of bhang, which is 
collected from the wild plants, is not so easy to control. 
Cannaceae. Monocotyledons (Scitamineae). Only genus Canna ( q.v ). 
Often united to Marantaceae. 
Cannomois Beauv. Restiaceae. 8 sp. S. Afr. 
Canotia Torr. 1 sp. Calif., New Mexico, doubtfully placed in 
Rutaceae, but perhaps belonging to Celastraceae. 
Canscora Lam. Gentianaceae (1. 2). 18 sp. Indo-mal., trop. Afr. 
Austr. 
Cansjera Juss. Olacaceae. 4 sp. trop. As., Austr. 
Canthium Lam. = Plectronia Linn. 
Cantuajuss. Polemoniaceae. 8 sp. Peru, Bolivia. 
Caopia Adans. = Vismia Vand. 
Caperonia St. Hil. Euphorbiaceae (a. ii. 2). 20 sp. trop. Am., Afr. 
Capirona Spruce. Rubiaceae (1. A. 4). 1 sp. S. Am. K like Mussaenda. 
Capnodes Adans. = Corydalis Vent. 
Capnophyllum Gaertn. Umbelliferae (7). 4 sp. Medit., S. Afr. 
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