CIIALAZOGAMAE 
3^7 
have fleshy Stapelia-like stems. The flrs. form a trap like those 
of Aristolochia Clematitis. The corolla tube widens at the base and 
at the top the teeth spread out, but in some sp. they hold together 
at the tips, making a sort of umbrella. The tube is lined with down- 
ward pointing hairs, and small flies, attracted by the colour and smell, 
creep into the fir. and cannot escape till the hairs wither, when they 
emerge with pollinia on their proboscides. 
Ceroxylon Humb. et Bonpl. Palmae (iv. 6). 5 sp. N. Andes. C. 
andicoltim H. and B. and other sp. yield a wax (secreted on the 
stems), used for making candles, &c. One tree yields about 25 lbs. 
Cestichis Thou. = Liparis Rich. 
Cestrum Linn. ( Habrothamnus Endl.) Solanaceae (iv. 7). 140 sp. 
trop. and sub-trop. Am. Some are greenhouse plants. 
Ceteracli Willd. = Asplenium Linn. C. officinaru?n Willd. (ceterach, 
Brit.) = ^4. Ceterach Linn. 
Chaenostoma Benth. Scrophulariaceae (11. 7). 62 sp. S. Afr., 1 in 
Canary Is., 1 in Somaliland. 
Chaerophyllum Linn. Umbelliferae (5). 36 sp. N. temp. C. temulum 
L. is a common weed in Brit. (Chervil). 
Chaetanthera Ruiz et Pav. Compositae (xn). 30 sp. Chili, Peru. 
Chailletia DC. {Dichapetalum Thou.) Chailletiaceae. 45 sp. trop. 
Several sp. have epiphyllous infl. (cf. Erythrochiton) ; this has pro- 
bably arisen by a development similar to what is seen in the infl. of 
Solanaceae, or in the cushions of Cactaceae. 
Chailletiaceae {Dichapetalaceae) . Dicotyledons (Archichl. Geraniales). 
3 gen. with 60 sp. trop. Woody plants with entire, stip. leaves. Firs, 
in cymose umbels, &c., sometimes epiphyllous, usually regular, £ or 
unisexual, typically 5-merous. Sepals and petals free or united, the 
latter often bifid. Axis continued into a cup-like disc or scales. Sta. 
5, sometimes epipetalous. Cpls. (2 — 3) each with 2 ovules. Drupe 
with 1- or 2-locular stone. No endosperm; seed sometimes with 
caruncle. Chief genus: Chailletia. Placed in Geraniales by Benth.- 
Hooker, in Frangulinae by Eichler. 
Chalazogamae. A division of Angiospermae, proposed by Treub as 
the outcome of his work upon Casuarina (A?in. Buitenzorg , X. 1891, 
reviewed in Nat. Science , Apr. 1892, and in Beih. z . bot. Central - 
blatt , 1892, p. 28). The ovules are developed in a somewhat peculiar 
way, and in each a number of embryo-sacs (macrospores) form, 
many of which elongate downwards right into the base (chalaza) of 
the ovule. Usually only one of these is fertile. At its upper end 
is a single cell which divides vertically into two and one of these may 
again divide; the latter is regarded as the equivalent of the canal cell 
in the archegonium of Pteridophyta, the former is the ovum, which is 
peculiar among Phanerogams in having a cell- wall. There are also 
several free nuclei in the embryo-sac, but there are no antipodal cells. 
The pollen tube passes through the style and the ovarial tissues, 
20 — 2 
